Electrochemical Studies of the Inhibition and Activation Effects of Al (III) on the Activity of Bovine Liver Glutamate Dehydrogenase.docVIP

Sensors 2005, 5, 235-244 sensors ISSN 1424-8220 ? 2005 by MDPI /sensors Electrochemical Studies of the Inhibition and Activation Effects of Al (III) on the Activity of Bovine Liver Glutamate Dehydrogenase Xiaodi Yang 1, 2 ?, Laifa Li 1 and Shuping Bi 2 1 College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Department of Environment Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, P. R. China 2 State Key Laboratory of Reuse and Control of Pollution, College of Environment Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China ? Corresponding author: Phone: 011-86-25 E-mail: yangxiaodi@ Received: 3 June 2004 / Accepted: 18 November 2004 / Published: 27 April 2005 Abstract: Since the study of Al3+ ion on the enzyme activity by using of electrochemical techniques was rarely found in available literatures, the differential-pulse polarography (DPP) technique was applied to study the effects of Al3+ ion on the glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activity in the catalytical reaction of α-KG +NADH+NH4+ ? L-Glu+NAD++H2O by monitoring the DPP reduction current of NAD+. At the plant and animal physiologically relevant pH values (pH=6.5 and 7.5), the GDH enzyme activities were strongly depended on the concentrations of the metal ion in the assay mixture solutions. In the lower Al (III) concentration solutions (30 μM), the inhibitory effects were shown, which are in accordance with the recently biological findings. With the increase of Al (III) concentrations (30~80 μM), the enzyme GDH activities were activated. However, once the concentration of Al (III) arrived to near 0.1 mM level (80μM), the inhibition effects of Al (III) were shown again. The cyclic voltammetry of NAD+ and NAD+-GDH in the presence of Al (III) can help to explain some biological phenomena. According to the differential-pulse polarography and cyclic voltammetry experiments, the present researc