Ethylene is involved in pistil fate by modulating the onset of ovule senescence and the GA-mediated fruit set in Arabidopsis.docVIP

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Ethylene is involved in pistil fate by modulating the onset of ovule senescence and the GA-mediated fruit set in Arabidopsis.doc

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Ethylene is involved in pistil fate by modulating the onset of ovule senescence and the GA-mediated fruit set in Arabidopsis

Carbonell-Bejeranoetal.BMCPlantBiology2011,11:84 /1471-2229/11/84 RESEARCH ARTICLE OpenAccess Ethyleneisinvolvedinpistilfatebymodulating theonsetofovulesenescenceandthe GA-mediatedfruitsetinArabidopsis PabloCarbonell-Bejerano1,2,CristinaUrbez2,AntonioGranell2,JuanCarbonell2andMiguelAPerez-Amador2* Abstract Background:Ovulelifespanisanimportantfactorindeterminingtheabilitytosetfruitsandproduceseeds.Once ovulesenescenceisestablished,fruitsetcapacityinresponsetogibberellins(GAs)islost.Weaimedtoelucidate whetherethyleneplaysaroleincontrollingovulesenescenceandthefruitsetresponseinArabidopsis. Results:Ethyleneresponseinhibitors,silverthiosulphate(STS)and1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP),wereableto delaythelossofpistilresponsetoGA3.Inaddition,ethyleneinsensitivemutantsein2-5andein3-1showeddelayed lossofpistilresponse,asinplantstreatedwithSTSand1-MCP,whileconstitutivemutantctr1-1displayed prematurelossofresponse.Theanalysisoftheexpressionofethylenebiosynthesisgenessuggeststhatethyleneis synthesisedinovulesattheonsetofovulesenescence,whileatranscriptionalmeta-analysisalsosupportsan activatedethylene-dependentsenescenceupontheestablishmentofovulesenescence.Finally,aSAG12:GUS reporterlineprovedusefultomonitorovulesenescenceandtodirectlydemonstratethatethylenespecifically modulatesovulesenescence. Conclusions:Wehaveshownthatethyleneisinvolvedinboththecontroloftheovulelifespanandthe determinationofthepistil/fruitfate.OurdatasupportaroleoftheovuleinmodulatingtheGAresponseduring fruitsetinArabidopsis.Apossiblemechanismthatlinkstheethylenemodulationoftheovulesenescenceandthe GA3-inducedfruitsetresponseisdiscussed. Background (DPA)[1,5,6].Itsonsetcorrelateswithboththeexpres- Thepistilisahighlyspecialisedfloralorgandesignedto sionofproteolytic activities [7-9]andthewholepistil’s facilitate fertilisation, seed development and dispersal. cell degradation [2], including DNA fragmentation in Pistils become mature fruits by following a complex specificcellsatboththeovarywallandovule