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Expression of glypican 3 in placental site trophoblastic tumor.doc

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Expression of glypican 3 in placental site trophoblastic tumor

Ou-Yangetal.DiagnosticPathology2010,5:64 /content/5/1/64 RESEARCH OpenAccess Expressionofglypican3inplacentalsite trophoblastictumor RobinJOu-Yang1,PeiHui2,XimingJYang1,DebraLZynger3* Abstract Background:Glypican-3(GPC3)isamembrane-boundheparansulfateproteoglycanthatfunctionsinembryonic cellgrowthanddifferentiationandishighlyexpressedintheplacenta.GPC3ismutatedinSimpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome,whichischaracterizedbytissueovergrowthandanincreasedriskofembryonalmalignancies.GPC3has alsobeenimplicatedinsporadiccancer,particularlyhepatocellularcarcinoma,forwhichithasbeenshowntobea usefuldiagnosticmarker.AlthoughGPC3expressionhasbeenstudiedinnon-neoplasticplacentaltissue,its presenceingestationaltrophoblasticdiseaseshasnotbeenpreviouslyexplored.Thepurposeofthisstudywasto investigatetheimmunohistochemicalexpressionofGPC3inplacentalsitetrophoblastictumor(PSTT),averyrare gestationaltrophoblasticneoplasmwhichmaybemorphologicallyconfusedwithnon-trophoblastictumors,andto assessitspossibleutilityasadiagnosticmarker. Methods:FifteencasesofPSTT,aswellassamplesfromplacentalsitenodule(PSN)(n=2),leiomyosarcoma (n=1),leiomyoma(n=1),invasivecervicalsquamouscellcarcinoma(n=7)andendometrialadenocarcinoma (n=11)wereexamined.Immunoreactivitywassemi-quantitativelyevaluatedasnegative(0,5%ofcellsstained), focallypositive(1+,5-10%ofcellsstained),positive(2+,11-50%ofcellsstained)ordiffuselypositive(3+,50%of cellsstained).Stainingintensityforeachsubtypewasgradedfrom0to3andameanintensitywascalculated. Results:EightypercentofPSTT(12/15)wereimmunoreactiveforGPC3(0,20;1+,20%;2+,40%;3+,20%)witha meanintensityof1.3.Stronger,predominatelycytoplasmicstainingwasseeninlargermulti-andmononucleated cellswithsmallermononucleatecellsshowingweakmuddycytoplasmicstaining.BothPSNcaseswerepositive (1+,50%;2+,50%)andtwoofnineinvasivecervicalsquamouscellcarcinomasshowedstaining(0,57%;1+,29%; 2+,14%),predominatelyinabasaldistribution.Otheruterinetumorsandnon-neoplastictissueswerenegative. Conclusions:Identificationof