隧道施工安全预防措施.docVIP

隧道施工安全预防措施 隧道施工安全预防措施提要：防坍塌检查。对隧道防坍塌的安全检查，要着重检查洞口段是否有开裂变形情况，边、仰坡是否有开裂变形、危石或滑塌现象 隧道施工安全预防措施 对洞口段、破碎带、贯通点等重点部位或工序工艺，要编制专项安全技术施工方案，并经审批后实施。在进行正常的安全技术交底的同时，由工程技术人员针对审批的专项安全技术施工方案，对作业层进行安全技术交底。 目前，因技术原因，无法准确预控，最常用的控制措施有： 1、按地质施工而非按设计施工； 2、严格按照支护参数进行施工； 3、操作人员实践经验； 4、超前地质预报； 5、围岩监控量测。 具体见下： ■防止涌水/突泥 1、超前地质预报、超前探孔； 2、注浆封堵或引排水； 3、人员及设备在涌水/突泥前撤离到安全地段； 4、溶洞揭露后对相应地段加强支护及衬砌。 ■防止冒顶塌方 1、制定严密的施工方案，严格按设计和规范施工； 2、防坍塌检查。对隧道防坍塌的安全检查，要着重检查洞口段是否有开裂变形情况，边、仰坡是否有开裂变形、危石或滑塌现象；查交叉口、断层处、破碎带、浅埋段、溶洞支护段及其它围岩软弱地段是否有裂纹变形现象；要把围岩松动、不密贴、掉碴、流泥流沙、明显的裂隙变化、水系变化、初支有明显的可见喷射混凝土开裂、掉块、锚杆的松弛或锚杆垫板的压紧或变形、钢支撑的扭曲变形，都可作为隧道围岩与支护稳定性的危险信息，必须认真细致进行观测。如这些迹象变化速度快而明显，可作为坍塌的前兆来研究施工安全对策，尽快处理； 3、注意地质观察、预报，地质变化时优化施工方案； 4、不良地质地段要“短进尺，多循环，弱爆破、超前支护、加强支护”； 5、做好围岩变形量测。 Measures for the routine management of moral education in Middle SchoolsMethod of conventional management of moral education in middle schoolFirst, the guiding ideology:School moral education is an organic whole of the whole education work, always adhere to the school adhere to the moral education, education for this product, and actively promote the quality education, the school building efficient curriculum system of moral education, moral education, improve the sense of attraction and appeal, enhance the moral education work for through and timeliness. Teach everyone, service education and management education, and school moral education work must be with family education and community education closely together, to form a concerted pattern, and strive to create a good atmosphere for education, and to promote the all-round development of students, to establish a scientific moral education full of vigor the For long-term mechanism.Two, the goal of moral education:To guide the students to form the correct world outlook, outlook on life, values, to cultivate students unity and mutual assistance, honest and trustworthy, law-abiding, good quality, hard work, set a good XX students ide