运动决策情境中认知加工理论模型的初步构建.pdfVIP

Vol. 32 No.3 第32 卷第3 期 沈阳体育学院学报 2013 年6 月 Joumal of Shenyang Sport University Jun.2013 ‘体青人文社会学 运动决策情境中认知加工理论模型的初步构建 王洪彪 (沈阳体育学院体育社会科学研究中心，辽宁沈阳 110102) 摘 要:运动决策研究在国内外已经成为运动心理学中一个成熟的研究领域。特别是最近几年，从生态心理学与进 化心理学视角对运动决策研究越来越多。从探讨运动决策的实质出发，在认知心理学视角下，探索了运动决策认知 成分功能改变的过程与结构，构建了认知加工理论模型。认为:运动专家之所以在运动决策中优于一般运动员，其 认知功能改变的实质是他们习得了优异的视觉搜索策略与更加熟练的掌握工作记忆的容量与组化能力，最终表现 为认知功能的可塑性与决策进化的适应性c 未来的研究应探索选择性注意与工作记忆的相互关系，为专长训练提 供理论支持与实践指导。 关键词:运动决策;认知加工;生态心理学;进化心理学 中图分类号:G804.8 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1 佣4 -0560(2013)03-∞28 -05 Initial Construction of Cognitive Processing Models in the Sport Decision-making Situations W ANG Hongbiao (Research Center of Sport Social Science , Shenyang Sport University , Shenyang 110102 , Liaoning , China) Abstract:Sport decision-making has become a mature field of study in sport psychology. Especially in r，巳cent years ,more and more studies from 出e perspective of ecological psychology and evolutionary psychology were done in sport decision- making. In由Ïs study ,we explored 由e naωre sport decision-making of cognítive psychology perspective ,and explored 由e cogr削ve component function changes in sport decision-m冰ing prωess and structure ,and structured a theoretical model of cognítive processing. The results showed 由at the reasOns why sports experts in the decision-making of the campaígn better than the generai 础Jetes are 由由 cognítive function essence acquisition of 由e superior visual search strategíes and a more skilled master of working memory capabilities ,and ultimately manifested as cogr咀tive functional plasticity and evolution of adaptive decision-making. The relati