隋唐组玉佩刍议.pdfVIP

82 考古与文物 2016 竿第3 期 隋唐组玉佩生议 李明 (陕西省考古研究院) 关键词:隋唐，组玉佩，朝服葬 摘要:以片形玉佩饰形态出现的组玉佩是隋唐中、高级墓葬时有发现的随葬器物，但由于始终没有完整的发现， 考古发掘者对这些零星玉佩的性质和组成结构皆无法定论。唐总章二年刘智墓组玉佩的出土，为研究唐代组玉佩的 结构与形制提供了翔实的资料。本文以此为基础，梳理了陪唐玉佩的考古发现状况，并结合文献资料，确定其来源 于三国、两晋组玉佩，适用范围为整个隋唐时代的贵族和高级官员，是当时剑辙蟹的朝服系统的重要组成部分。 KEY WORDS: Sui and Tang periods , Jade pendants, Burials with court dress ABSTRACT: Jade pendants consisting of multiple jade slices were commonly found in the middle or high-ranked tombs during the Sui and Tang periods. Unfortunately, only fragments were identified in early excavations; no conc1usion could be drawn based upon these sporadic discoveries. Nonetheless, the recent discovery of Liu Zhis tomb dating to Zongzhang second year provided the most complete set ofjade pendants for the study of its structure. This artic1e tries to marshal archaeological discoveries ofjade pendants during the Sui and Tang periods. In combination with texts , this artic1e argues that the system ofjade pendants started 食om the Three Kingdoms and Two Jin Dynasties. Eventually, it was employed by the entire rank of high elites and high-end officials in the Sui and Tang periods . Besides,jade pendants were an important part in the court dressing system, or the so-called ‘Jianpeishou system. 隋唐中、高级墓葬的随葬器物中常见多 围进行初步考证。 种规格的片形玉佩饰，称谓有所谓蝙蝠形 玉佩、山形玉佩、玉璜、冠顶饰等。发掘 一、隋唐组玉佩的来源 者和研究者普遍认为这些形制不同的片形玉 佩饰应该属于组玉佩的部件，但形制完整、 出于礼仪制度的需要，组玉佩是唐代朝服 中必不可缺的重要组成部分。 《旧唐书·舆服志》 组合清楚的组玉佩始终没有被发现。 2003 年， 陕西省考古研究院在西安市长安区郭杜街道 在叙述待臣朝服时说: 发掘唐总章二年 (669 年)刘智夫妇墓时，发 朝服，亦名具服。冠，愤，缕，替导， 现了一对两组基本保持原状的完整唐代组玉 给纱羊衣，白纱中羊，皂领、祺、裙，白裙裕，