最新高三一轮语法复习-名词性从句讲义 (附2005-2011真题).docVIP

高中英语语法：名词性从句讲义 ?在英文中，名词或名词短语主要充当四种成分：主语、宾语、表语和同位语。如果把句子当作名词来用，分别在另一个句子当中做主语、表语、宾语（动词宾语和介词宾语）和同位语，于是构成四种从句。因此我们说名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句必须用陈述句语序,也就是说, (疑问词)?+ 主语 + 谓语 + 其它. 简单句 主从复合句 解释 The book is interesting What I am reading is interesting 主语从句 I believe his words. I believe what he said 宾语从句 English is a useful tool. The book is what I want. 表语从句 I like the book Gone with the Wind The mother must accept the fact that her baby is deaf. 同位语从句 陈述句、一般疑问句或特殊疑问句可以充当名词性从句 陈述句 The Earth is round. That the earth is round is a fact. 一般疑问句 Does he need my help? I don’t know whether he needs my help. 特殊疑问句 Where did he go? I don’t know where he went. 引导名词性从句的常用连词 连词that 对应于陈述句 在句子中不作为成分 连词whether , if 对应于一般疑问句 在句子中不作为成分 副词when, where, why, ho 代词 who, whom, what, which, whose 对应于特殊疑问句 状语：when, where, why, how 主语、宾语、表语：what who, whom, what 定语：which, whose，后面接名词 陈述句可以分别充当四种句子的成分 对于陈述句我们需要在句首加上that，然后把that+陈述句这个结构分别放在另一个句子的四种位置构成四种名词从句。 一、主语从句 把that+陈述句这个结构放在主语位置 That English is difficult is not my idea.有人认为英语很难，我可不这么认为 That the world is round is a fact. That the moon itself does not give off light is common knowledge. 更常见的是用it作为形式主语放在句首，将主语从句放在句末 It is obvious that he doesn’t understand English. It is a fact that the world is round It is common knowledge that a flash of lightning is seen before a clap of thunder is heard. 主语 从句的重点句型归纳 1 It +be +过去分词+that从句,同样可以这样用的动词有：say, expect, know, estimate, forecast It is reported/believed/generally thought that 人们普遍认为 It must be pointed out that 必须指出 2 It + be + 形容词?+ that-clause It is clear/possible/likely/natural/certain/strange/fortunate/necessary that 3 It + be + 名词短语 + that-clause 例如 a pity /a fact/ a shame/ an honor, a good idea, no wonder .common knowledge 二、宾语从句 1 把that+陈述句这个结构放在宾语位置 I think (that) you are right. We know that the world is round. I think that a sound knowledge of grammar is indispensable to good writing.我认为扎实的语法功底对英文写作是极为重要的。 2 只有宾语从句中that才可以省略，主语、表语、同位语从句中一般都不省略that。 3 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从