7初三秋季班第七站 2.docVIP

Chapter 3 Places of interest ---------初三秋季班第七站 Name: ______ Date: ____ 一．it用法小结 一、指代（后行）it： 1.It的基本用法是用来指代上文所提到的事物。如： A: Pass me a blue pen. B: Here it is / Here you are. 2.指代不明身份或性别的人也用it；指代喜爱的事物或宠物也可用she / he。 A：Who’s it (knocking at the door)? B: It’s me.二、虚义it：虚义it指用作没有具体语义的主语，如表示时间、天气、距离、温度等概念的用法。 When spring comes, it is getting warmer and warmer. 三、形式it：由于句法结构的需要，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放后置。1．形式主语：不定式、动名词以及主语从句作主语时，为避免“头重脚轻”，要将真正的主语后置。 1) It is / was difficult (easy, hard, important, necessary, useful, fit, possible, a pity, a Pleasure) (for sb.) to do sth. 2) It is / was kind (nice, wise, clever…) (of sb.) to do sth.= Sb. is / was angry ( ashamed, delighted, disappointed, excited, glad, happy, pleased, proud, sorry, surprised, thankful…) to do sth. 3) It is better (interesting, tiring, enjoyable, funny, fun, a bore, a waste of time…) doing sth. 4) It is clear (plain, true, certain, sure, obvious…) + that clause + 陈述语气 2．形式宾语：当不定式、动名词、that 从句作宾语，又有自己的宾语补语时，要用it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语后置。如： The fisherman made it a rule that he never cast his net more than four times a day. We think it necessary reading aloud every morning to improve our English. 能够用于形式宾语句型的动词有think, make, find, consider, feel, take等。 四、 强调it：为了强调句子中的某一成分，可以用“It is / was ＋ 被强调部分 ＋ that / who＋其它”的句型。如： It was because he liked music that he went to the college to learn playing the piano. I met an old friend in the street last week. It was I who met an old friend in the street last week. (强调主语) It was an old friend that I met in the street last week.　 (强调宾语) It was in the street that I met an old friend last week.　 (强调地点状语) It was last week that I met an old friend in the street.　 (强调时间状语) 注意：１）一般强调时间不能用when, 强调地点不用where； 　　　２）强调谓语用下列方式：I did meet an old friend in the street last week. / What I did last week was (to) meet an old friend in the street. 五、 与it有关的几组相似句型： 1．It is clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (形式主语) 　　It is the elephant t