肺泡蛋白沉积症12例临床分析.docVIP

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肺泡蛋白沉积症12例临床分析

肺泡蛋白沉积症12例临床分析 【摘要】 目的提高临床医师对肺泡蛋白沉积症的认识,分别从临床表现、病理特点和诊断 治疗 等方面对该病加以探讨。方法回顾12例肺泡蛋白沉积症病例资料,并结合 文献 进行其临床特点分析。结果临床症状包括:活动性呼吸困难12例(100.00%)、咳嗽11例(91.67%),咯痰9例(75.00%)、胸闷5例(41.67%)、咯血1例(8.33%)。体征包括:吸气性爆裂音或裂帛音5例(41.67%)、叩诊浊音4例(33.33%)、紫绀3例(25.00%)、杵状指2例(16.67%)。影像学表现包括:地图样表现11例(91.67%)、肺水肿样表现8例(66.67%)、碎石路样表现6例(50%)、肺间质纤维化样表现5例(41.67%)、肺实变样表现3例(25%)。结论 肺泡蛋白沉积后的X线胸片表现缺乏特异性,CT/HRCT可出现相对典型的改变(地图样表现、碎石路样表现)。肺泡蛋白沉积症特征地表现为临床症状与体征分离,影像学与体征不符的现象。支气管肺泡灌洗是简便有效的诊疗方法。 【关键词】 肺泡蛋白沉积症 高分辨CT 支气管肺泡灌洗 粒-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子 【Abstract】Objective To analyze and evaluate clinical features,pathological characteristics,diagnosis and treatment of the identified pulmonary alveolar protEinosis(PAP)patients.Methods Retrospective study of12patients identified by biopsy through BALFwas conducted.Focused analysis with imaging studies(chest x-ray or CT/HRCT)and clinical presentations were aimed to determine the diagnostic methods of PAP.Results Nonspecific clinical representation of PAP was composed of progressive dyspnea(100%)and nonproductive cough(91.67%).Physical examination showed signs of inner lungsawas seldom detected,such as inspiratory crackles orVelcro’s rales(41.67%)and cyanosis(25%).Although,absence of specific chest X-ray findings,some typical radiological changes contributed to diagnose PAP cor-rectly,such as patchy opacification(91.67%)and crazy paving pattern(50%),especially in HRCT.Conclusion Separability of clinical symptoms and signs,radiological results and clinical features exist as characteristic representation of PAP.Diagnostic bronchoalveolar lavage is a practical and useful technology to determine PAP. 【Key words】 pulmonary alveolar protEInosis;high-resolution computed tomography;bronchoalveolar lavage fluid;granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor 肺泡蛋白沉积症(pulmonary alveolar proteinosis,PAP),也称肺泡磷脂沉积症,是一种病因不明的临床罕见疾病。PAP于1958年由Rosen [1] 首次报道至今,其发病机理仍不十分明确 [2] 。由于PAP发病隐匿,临床表现无特异性,临床医师对本病缺乏足够的认识,极易漏诊和误诊。本次研究回顾性分析经支气管肺 泡灌洗(bronchoalveolar lavage,BAL)后经病理确诊的12例PAP患者临床特点,同时复习国

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