梅州传统民居建筑墙体材料及构造研究——以国家级古村落茶山村为例.pdf

2016年第 期(总第 4 4 卷 第 306期) 建筑节能 ■保温隔热与材料 doi ：10.3969/j.issn.l673-7237.2016.08.013 梅州传统民居建筑墙体材料及构造研究+ —— 以国家级古村落茶山村为例 张灵辉， 赖俊发， 李怡芳， 黄晶晶， 林梅坤 (嘉应学脘土木工程学院，广 东 梅 州 514015) 摘要： 梅州传统客家民居是中国古民居中重要的一部分，民居材料的选用对绿色建筑发展有启示作 用。通过对国家级古村落茶山村建筑材料的选用进行现场调研，调研结果表明，民居建造时根 据当时经济条件就地取材，其中黏土和木材是建筑材料主要组成部分，建造时以土掺石或土 夹木的结构形式制作成土赶時墙和三合土墙等，其中三合土应用最广泛。结合实验对三合土 的物理力学性能进行分析评价，以期为古民居保护和修缮提供参考。 关键词： 客家民居； 建筑外墙； 材料； 构造 中图分类号： TU241 文献标志码： A 文章编号： 1673-7237(2016)08-0047-03 Materials and Construction for Wall of Traditional Dwellings in Meizhou：Case analysis of a National Ancient Village - “Chashan” Village ZHANG Ling-hui，LAI Jun-fa^ LI Yi-fang, HUANG Jing-jing, LIN Mei-kun (School of Civil Engineering , Jiaying University , Meizhou 514015, Guangdong , China ) Abstract ：Traditional residence in Meizhou is an important part of Chinese ancient residences, and mate rials selection of res ide nc e imp lie ate s the deve lop me nt of gre en b uildings . On the basis of site inves li­ gation, materials of the national ancient village of “Chashan” are studied. The results show that dwellings are built according to local economic conditions and utilizing the clay and wood as the main part of the building materiaL The walls 9 construction is of adobe brick and lime-soils, and so on, which was built with stone or wood; and the lime-soil is the most widely used. Experiment analysis and evaluation on the physi­ cal and mechanical properties of lime-soil are expounded. The result is a view to the protection and re­ pair of ancient houses. Keywords ：Hakka^ traditional dwe