paraphrase +summary创新.pptVIP

* Paraphrase 释意法 The distinction between paraphrase and summary A paraphrase is a restatement of the author’s ideas in about the same number of words. A summary is a synthesis of the original material in your own words. Definition Paraphrase: using someone’s ideas, but putting them in your own words. the skill you will use most when incorporating sources into your writing. Although you use your own words to paraphrase, you must still acknowledge the source of the information. Well-done paraphrasing Ways to paraphrase 1. Use a synonym of a word or phrase同义词 2. Change the order of information改变顺序 3. Change from the active to the passive or vice versa主动被动 4. Change the positive into the negative and vice versa改变正负 5. Change personal nouns into impersonal nouns and vice versa个人名词换成客观名词 6. Change complex sentences into simple sentences and vice versa换成简单句 7. Change part of speech depending on word formation词性 What strategies have employed? (1) Studies showed that they were born with something special. Studies revealed that they are endowed with something super-normal. (2) Cognitive development depends on the children’s culture. The children’s culture affects their cognitive development. (3) People are increasingly interested in natural foods which do not contain chemical additives. Interest has grown in natural foods: foods which do not contain chemical additives. synonym Change the order of information Change personal nouns into impersonal nouns 4. There is general agreement among European leaders that total unification of European countries would strengthen the economic stability of the entire region. European leaders generally agree that if European countries would unify, there would be a more stable economy. 5. No one knows how many CEOs suffer from alcoholism and drug abuse, but estimates run as high as 30. The estimated percentage of CEOs who are alcoholics and abuse drugs is up to 30%. (change subject: