儿科考试重点(国外英文资料).doc

儿科考试重点 Solution: The definition of neonatal jaundice: yellow dye caused by the accumulation of bilirubin in the body and the mucosa of the sclera. Neonatal blood contains more than 5 to 7mg/dl (adults over 2mg/dl) with visible jaundice. When the blood is not combined with the high levels of bilirubin, it can cause bilirubin encephalopathy, also known as nuclear jaundice, usually with a sequelae, which can lead to death. The disease can be divided into physiological jaundice and pathological jaundice. 2. Pediatric diarrhea or diarrhea disease, is a set from source and factors of the digestive tract diseases, clinical traits to defecate number increase and change. It is the drainage of Chinese medicine. It is one of the causes of malnutrition, stunting and death in children. Common types: clinical symptoms: 1 gastrointestinal symptoms: defecate number increase, defecate daily several times to dozens times, mostly yellow water samples and egg shit, containing a small amount of mucus, a few children can have a little blood. The appetite is low, often vomit, severe person can vomit coffee color liquid. Severe diarrhea in addition to the more severe gastrointestinal symptoms, there is often a clear dehydration, electrolyte disorder and systemic poisoning. (dehydration, metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, low calcium and low magnesium blood certificates) (3) : measles is a common pediatric period of acute respiratory infectious diseases, clinical with fever, mucous membrane of upper respiratory tract inflammation, conjunctivitis, measles, spot and systemic maculopapule characterized. Infectivity, children with measles and subclinical is the source of infection with the virus, mouth, nose, pharynx, trachea, and patients with eye discharge that measles virus, they are transmitted through sneeze, cough, talk, etc. Rubella: an acute respiratory tract infection caused by rubella virus, which is characterized by fever, rash and after ear, pillow, and neck lymph nodes. The patient i