雨水管理设计答辩.pptxVIP

Design of Stormwater Controls雨水管理设计;Outline 大纲;Infiltrators 渗滤设施;4;Performance depends on soil properties 渗透介质决定性能 Hydrologic soil groups – fine to use 水力介质 – 可以使用 USDA soil texture classifications – much better! USDA土壤成分分类 – 更好！(Saxton, K. E. (2009) Soil Water Characteristics: Hydraulic Properties Calculator /soilwater/Index.htm) Low temperatures reduce hydraulic conductivity 低气温降低介质的水力传导率 Types: 类型： Infiltration basins 渗滤池 Infiltration trenches and vaults 渗滤沟和水窖 Dry wells 干井 Permeable pavement 透水铺面 ;Infiltrators-filter combination渗滤-渗透的组合;Infiltration Basin 渗滤池;;Treats drainage areas of 2-20 ha (5-50 acres) 可处理的排水范围达到2-20公顷（5-50英亩） Requires permeable soils 需要使用透水介质 Infiltration rates need to be field tested 下渗率需要实地测试 Too high of a rate may not allow adequate filtration (e.g., karst); need an upstream filter 过高的下渗滤可能导致过滤的效率不足（如卡斯特地质条件）；需要设计上游过滤 Design volume should infiltrate within 24-72 h 设计容量应在24-72小时内下渗 Pretreatment needed to remove solids (e.g., forebay) 大型固体需要经过预处理去除（如使用前池） Bottom must be at least 1.2 m (4 ft) above the seasonal groundwater table or bedrock 设施底部必须至少比岩基或季节性地下水高1.2米 Need to be located away from buildings, slopes, highways, wells, critical infrastructure 需要原理建筑物、坡度较大地区、高速路、水井、重要设施等 Mounding may be an issue 堆坡可能成为问题;Infiltration trenches and vaults渗滤沟和水沟;Infiltration Trench 渗滤沟;Well suited for linear projects; e.g., highways 与直线型项目配合良好，如高速路;To treat pollutants through sedimentation and infiltration 通过沉降和下渗处理污染物;Treat drainage areas up to 0.4 ha (1 ac) 处理排水面积达0.4公顷（1英亩） Require pretreatment 需要预处理 Require permeable soils 需要使用透水介质 Filled with rock or plastic lattices 填充石块或塑料格架 Clogging is the main reason for failure; need pre-treatment, e.g., strips 瘀堵是造成渗滤沟无法发挥功能的主要原因，因此需要预处理 Bottom clogs quickly; infiltration occurs through walls 底部瘀堵迅速；有时透过墙体发生渗滤 Same limitations as infiltration basins 与渗滤池有相同的限制;Dry wells 渗水井;Source: Lake George Association;17;Long term usage in areas with fractured rock, glacial outwash, or karst geology 在断裂岩层、冰川冲蚀，