初中高中英语语法动名词用法详细讲解.pptVIP

V-ing形式;一. 含义 动词的-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种形式，不能单独充当谓语。 二. 构成 1.构成: 动词原形+-ing 2.规则: ①一般情况，直接+ing; ②以不发音的e结尾，去e+ing; ③以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写这个辅音字母再加ing; ④以ie结尾，变ie为y，+ing，例：die，dying；lie，lying.;三.特征 1.动词的-ing形式具有名词、形容词和副词等词的特点. 2. 动词的-ing形式由动词变来,所以保留了动词的某些特征,如它可以有自己的宾语,状语等. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. 四.分类 1.动名词:动词的-ing 形式相当于名词在句中的用法. 2.现在分词:具有动词的特征，可以表示一个正在进行的、主动的动作.;小结：doing 为非谓语动词，由do原形 +ing 构成，不能单独充当谓语,可以充当 1.主语 2. 宾语 3.表语 4. 定语 5.状语 6.宾语补足语。; 做主语和宾语的肯定是_________； 做状语和宾补的肯定是__________。 Examples: 1)Seeing is believing. (动名词做主语和宾语) 2)Be careful while crossing the street. (现在分词做时间状语) 3)I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday. (现在分词做宾语补足语);1.做主语;小结： 1．特征： 单个的动词-ing形式作主语，谓语动词用单数。 2.句型： 1）doing 作主语句型： Doing …. + V + O 2）但有些含有动名词的句型，为避免句子主语太长，通常用it作形式主语，-ing形式作真正的主语。下面列举几种最常见的句型： Eg. It’s no use crying over spilt （倾倒出）milk. ① It +be +no good /use doing…做…无益/无用; It’s a waste of time thinking hard about the past. ②It +be +a waste of time doing…做…是浪费时间 The book is worth reading. ③It +be +worth doing …做…值得 There is no harm in doing so. ④There +be +no +n. +in +doing …做…没有…;2. 作宾语 (动词宾语和介词宾语） He finished reading the book yesterday. I enjoy learning English. (动词宾语） I am fond of watching TV.（介词宾语） ;动词+宾语;①以下动词须用doing 做宾语;2)need, require, want + doing = need to be don 注意:主动表被动 动词want，need，require作“需要”解时，后面的动词用动名词作宾语时，且与句子主语有逻辑上的动宾关系，这个动名词的主动式表示被动意义。 3)give up, can’t help, look forward, have trouble …. +doing Eg1. My coat needs washing. =My coat needs to be washed. Eg2. I look forward to receiving your letter. ;②下列动词常以动词不定式（to do）作宾语。;③ 有些动词既可接-ing，又可接to do作宾语 ,区别不是很大。 like, love, hate, begin, start, continue, intend, prefer, etc. He likes singing. He likes to sing. ;1)I must remember to take my notebook with me. I remember seeing her somewhere before. remember to do sth. 记得要做某事。 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事。 类似词：forget, regret, mean, stop, try, etc.;2) I forgot to post