英国大学教材钻井专业术语带释义.pdf

英国大学教材钻井专业术语带释义 Abandon a well v:弃井 to stop producing hydrocarbons when the well becomes unprofitable. A wildcat may be abandoned after poor results from a well test. Mechanical and cement plugs are placed in the wellbore to preventfluid migration to surface and between different zones. Abnormal pressure n:异常压力 a formation pressure which is greater or less than the normal formation fluid hydrostatic pressure. Such pressures may be classified as subnormal(lower than normal) or overpressured (higher than normal). Accelerometer n:加速计 a surveying instrument which measures components of the Earths gravitational field. Acidise v:酸化 to apply acids to the walls of oil and gas wellsto remove any material which may obstruct flow into the wellbore. Adjustable choke n: 节流阀 a choke in which the rate of flow is controlled by adjusting a conical needle and seat. Air drilling n: 空气钻井 a method of drilling that uses compressed air as the circulating medium. Angle unit n: 角度仪 the component of a survey instrument used to measure inclination. Annular preventer 环空防喷器 n: a large BOP valve that forms a seal in the annular spacebetween the wellbore and the drillpipe. It is usually installed above the ram type preventers( 闸板防喷器) in the BOP stack. Annulus n: 环空 the space between the drillstring and open hole or drillstring and cased hole in the wellbore. Anticline n: 背斜 a configuration of folded and stratified rock layers in the shape of an arch. Often associated with a trap. A.P.I, abbr: 美国石油学会 American Petroleum Institute. The leading standardising organization on oilfield drilling and production equipment. A.P.I, gravity A.P.I n: 比重 a measure of the density of liquid petroleum products, expressedin degrees. It can be derived from the following equation: API Gravity (degrees) = 141.5/Specific Gravity-131.5 Azimuth n: 方位角 used indirectional drilling as the direction of the trajectoryof th