汽车构造英文翻译.docxVIP

CHAPTER 1 AUTOMOTIVE BASICS 1.1 ? Principal Components 主要构成零部件 Todays average car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can grouped into four major categories: engine, body, chassis and electrical equipment. 现在，一般汽车由大约一万五千多个独立的零部件组成。这些部件分为四大类，即发动机（引擎系统），车身，底盘和电气设备。 1.2 ? Engine 发动机/引擎系统 The engine acts as the power unit. The internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine :gasoline(also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel(also called a compression-ignition engine).Both engines are called heat engines; the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the transmission. 引擎的作用是动力产生的部件。内燃机引擎最为常见。引擎通过燃烧其汽缸内的液体汽油来获得能量（将汽油的能量转化为动能来驱动汽车）。引擎分为汽油（火花引燃式）发动机和柴油（压燃式）发动机。 这两类发动机都被称为热力机。燃烧的汽油产生热量，促使汽缸内的气体气压增强，从而提供能量以旋转（启动）传输轴。 1.3 ? Body 车身 An automobile body is a sheet metal shell with windows, doors, a hood, and a trunk deck built into it. It provides a protective covering for the engine, passengers, and cargo. The body is designed to keep passengers safe and comfortable. The body styling provides an attractive, colorful, modern appearance for the vehicle. 汽车车身是由金属薄片壳、车窗、车门、发动机罩和行李舱盖等共同构成。车身为发动机，乘客和货物提供了一个防护罩。车身的设计应该遵循保证乘客安全和舒适的原则。车身的风格使汽车具有了引人注目、彩色的，现代的外立面。 1.4 ? Chassis 底盘 The chassis is an assembly of those systems that are the major operating part of a vehicle. The chassis includes the transmission, suspension, steering, and brake systems. 底盘由汽车的主要操作系统组装而成。包括传动系、行驶系、转向系和制动系四部分。 Transmission systems ― conveys the drive to the wheels. The main components are clutch, gearbox, driveshaft, final drive, and differential. 传动系-将驱动力传递到车轮。主要组成部件是离合器、变速箱、传动轴、主减速器和差速器。 Suspension― absorbs the road shocks. 悬挂系-吸收路面震动。 Steering― controls the direction of the movement. 转向系-控制汽车的行驶方向。 Brake― slows down the vehicle. 制动系-使汽车减速缓行。 1.5 ?