公职监护论文国家公职监护制度研究.docVIP

公职监护论文：国家公职监护制度研究 【中文摘要】监护制度起源于古罗马,最初设立监护制度主要是为了保护家族利益,防止家族财产被他人侵占。发展到现在其意义已不在于保护家族财产,而是为了维护被监护人的利益。监护人的选任也经历了从家庭内部亲属担任到国家公权力介入的转变,展现了监护的公法化和社会化。现代世界各国立法基本都设立了监护制度,而且绝大多数国家公职监护制度都己相当完善。而我国的监护制度从总体发展来说,明显滞后于社会发展。国家公职监护制度不尽合理,其中关于单位作为监护人的规定更是带有浓重计划经济的色彩。随着经济体制改革的深化,市场经济的发展,现有监护制度中存在的问题日益突出,单位等机构已不再适合充当国家公职监护人,国家把监护的任务推给单位的做法应该立即改正。本文的研究主要采用了文献法和比较分析的方法,并利用一定的调查数据,结合社会学的相关知识,提出国家公职监护不应该仅仅是对被监护人基本法律权利的保障,的是促进被监护人的全面发展,赋予我国的公职监护制度的人文情怀。论文除了引言,包括五部分：第一部分,论述监护制度的词源考察、历史、概念、分类及性质。第二部分,论述各国法律关于公职监护的规定。第三部分,论述公职监护人出现的原因。第四部分,我国现行公职监护制度的缺陷及改革的必要性。第五部分,完善我国公职监护制度的建议,根据未成年人和成年人的不同特点分别提出对策。 【英文摘要】Guardianship system originated in ancient Rome, was originally established monitoring system to protect the family interests mainly to prevent the family property occupied by others. Its significance has been developed to protect the family property is not, but to safeguard the interests of the ward. Appointment of guardian also experienced within the family relatives from the state power to intervene as to change the law to show the care and socialization. National legislation of the modern world have established the basic care system, but most countries have well-established system of public guardianship. The monitoring system from China抯 overall development, it is obvious lag in social development. Unreasonable public guardianship system, including the provisions of the Unit is to act as guardian of the planned economy with a strong color. With the deepening of economic restructuring, development of market economy, the existing monitoring system, the problems become more prominent, units and other institutions are no longer suitable to act as public guardian, the state has the task of monitoring the practice of pushing to the unit should be immediately corrected.This study mainly uses the literature and comparative analysis, and use some of the survey data, combined with knowledge of sociology, presented a public guardianship should not only is the guardian of fundamental legal right