生物化学问答(国外英文资料).docVIP

生物化学问答(国外英文资料) Essay question Briefly explain the source of blood sugar and the way the body regulates it A: the source of blood sugar: glycogen digestion and absorption of glycogen glycogen (glycogen) in the liver Directions: the oxidative decomposition of the energy of synthetic sugars into other sugars or non-sugars The blood sugar is excreted in the urine when the blood sugar is too high The body regulates it (1) the regulation of the liver, the liver is the main organs, maintaining blood glucose levels is through the control of glycogen synthesis and solution and sugar was born to regulate blood sugar. When blood sugar levels are higher than normal, glycogen synthesis strengthens and promotes blood sugar consumption; Hypoglycemic effect decreases and restricts blood sugar supplementation, which reduces blood sugar levels to normal levels. When the blood sugar level is below normal, the glycogen decomposition of glycogen is strengthened, and the glycogen is strengthened, and the blood sugar level rises to the normal level. Of course, the livers regulation of blood sugar levels is controlled by nerve and hormone control. (2) the kidney to adjust: kidney on sugar has a strong absorptive capacity, the limit (can be represented with blood sugar levels, from 8.9 to 8.9 tendency/L (160 ~ 180 mg/L), the value) called renal sugar threshold. When the blood sugar level is below the kidney sugar threshold, the kidney tube reabsorbs the glucose in the glomerular filtrate to maintain normal blood sugar levels. Diabetes occurs when blood sugar levels are higher than the renal sugar threshold, and the excess sugar from the glomerule exceeds the capacity of the kidney tube to reabsorb sugar. (3) neurologic and hormonal regulation: positive and parasympathetic regulation; Insulin, which is secreted by beta cells in the islet, is the only hormone that lowers blood sugar. The main hormones and can raise blood sugar levels are islet cell secretion of glucagon, adrenal medulla secre