ch3_DTFT数字信号处理.pptVIP

Chapter 3 Discrete-Time Fourier Transform Outline How to Represent the Discrete-Time Signal? 3.1 The Continuous-Time Fourier Transform CTFT -continuous in time, continuous in frequency FS- periodicity in time,discrete in frequency The Frequency Response of an LTI Continuous-Time System Applying the CTFT to both sides, we have: 3.2 Discrete-Time Fourier Transform3.2.1 Definition It’s inverse transform: Inverse discrete-time Fourier transform: The order of integration and summation can be interchanged if the summation inside the brackets converges uniformly, i.e. X(ej?) exists. Then Now The DTFT X(ej?) of a sequence x[n] is a continuous function of w It is also a periodic function of w with a period 2p: Therefore Example The DTFT of the unit sample sequence d[n] is given by 3.2.2 Basic Properties In general, X(ej?) is a complex function of the real variable w and can be written as: X(ej?) = Xre(ej?) + j Xim(ej?) Where, Xre(ej?) and Xim(ej?) are, respectively, the real and imaginary parts of X(ej?), and are real functions of w. X(ej?) can alternately be expressed as: X(ej?) = | X(ej?) |ej?(?) where, ?(?) = arg{X(ej?) } | X(ej?) | is called the magnitude function. ?(?) is called the phase function. Both quantities are real functions of w. In many applications, the DTFT is called the Fourier spectrum. Likewise, | X(ej?) | and ?(?) are called the magnitude and phase spectra. For a real sequence x[n], | X(ej?) | and Xre(ej?) are even functions of w, whereas, ?(?) and Xim(ej?) are odd functions of w. Note: X(ej?) = | X(ej?) |ej[?(?)+2?k] = | X(ej?) |ej?(?) for any integer k. The phase function q(w) cannot be uniquely specified for any DTFT. Unless otherwise stated, we shall assume that the phase function q(w) is restricted to the following range of values: -?? q(w) ? ? called the principal value. The DTFTs of some sequences exhibit discontinuities of 2p in their phas