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08 Introduction to Genomics and the Tree of Life (生物信息学国外教程2010版)
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Click the circle to access the genome sequence Genes are color-coded according to the COGs scheme 1996: first eukaryotic genome The complete genome sequence of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was reported. We will describe this genome soon. Also in 1996, TIGR reported the sequence of the first archaeal genome, Methanococcus jannaschii. Chronology of genome sequencing projects Page 532 1996: a yeast genome is sequenced To learn about a genome of interest, visit NCBI ? TaxBrowser ? Genome Projects To learn about a genome of interest, follow theTaxBrowser ? Genome Projects links Size (in megabases), number of chromosomes are given here To place the sequencing of the yeast genome in context, these are the eukaryotes… Tree of eukaryotes (Baldauf et al. 2000) Fungi 1997: More bacteria and archaea Escherichia coli 4.6 megabases, 4200 proteins (38% of unknown function) 1998: first multicellular organism Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans 97 Mb; 19,000 genes. 1999: first human chromosome Chromosome 22 (49 Mb, 673 genes) Chronology of genome sequencing projects Page 532 See the article by Webb Miller et al. (2004), “Comparative genomics” for a discussion of annotation and analysis progress made since 1998 1999: Human chromosome 22 sequenced 1999: Human chromosome 22 sequenced 49 MB 701 genes 2000: Fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster (13,000 genes) Plant Arabidopsis thaliana Human chromosome 21 2001: draft sequence of the human genome (public consortium and Celera Genomics) Chronology of genome sequencing projects Page 534 To explore human chromosome 21 at NCBI Find MapViewer Choose human Click chromosome 21 2000 draft human genome sequence S. pombe (just 4,800 genes) 2004 “finished” human genome first individual human genome 2009 1000 Genomes Project Outline of Monday’s lecture (Chapter 13) Introduction: 5 perspectives, history of life: time lines Genome-sequencing projects: ch
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