Cons与titution的课文及翻译.docVIP

Constitution的课文及翻译 第一部分 作为最高法律的宪法 美国宪法虽然是一部相对比较简单的文件，但它自我定名为“国家的最高法律”。制定这一条款意味着，如果各州宪法或者各州立法机关或美国国会通过的法律与联邦宪法相抵触，它们就是无效的。最高法院在两个多世纪的时间内所作出的各种裁决确认并强化了宪法至上原则。 The U.S. Constitution, a relatively simple document, is the self-designated “supreme law of the land”. This clause is taken to mean that when state constitutions, or laws passed by state legislatures or the national Congress, are found to conflict with the federal Constitution, they have no force. Decisions handed down by the Supreme Court over the course of two centuries have confirmed and strengthened this doctrine of constitutional sup