药学专业外语黄芪.pptVIP

黄 芪 Radix Astragali[English Name] Milkvetch Root;Origins Plant Morphology Collection and Preparation Production and Commerce Description Microscopical Characters Chemical Constituents Physical and Chemical Identification Pharmacology Action Indication;Huangqi(黄芪) is also called huangqi(黄耆) and was first recorded in Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing as a superior herb. According to Li Shizhen, the Chinese name huangqi(黄耆) consists of huang(黄) and qi(耆), huang meaning yellow, and qi meaning “leader”. It is one of the most important tonic herbs, and that is why it was given this name. It is the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao or Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch. ) Bge. , family Leguminosae.; A perennial herb, 40～80cm high. Main root stout, relatively long and straight. Stem erect, branched at the upper part. Leaves odd-pinnately compound, alternate, with 12～18 pairs of pinnae; stipules lanceolate. ; Flowers in axillary racemes; calyx campanulate, 5-toothed; corolla yellow or yellowish, 1.8～2 cm long; standard oblong-ovate; wings and keel clawed; stamens 10, diadelphous; ovary long stalked. Legume (pod)，membranaceous, inflated to be semi-ovate, 1.1～1.5 cm in diameter, glabrous. Flowering season Jun. ～Jul. ; fruiting season Jul.～Sept. . ; Cylindrical, some branched, upper part relatively thick, 30～90 cm long, 1～3.5 cm in diameter. Externally pale brownish-yellow or pale brown, with irregular, longitudinal wrinkles and more transverse lenticel-like protrusions, cork easily exfoliated, exposing yellowish-white cortex, sometimes showing reticulated fibre bundles. ; Texture hard and tenacious, uneasily broken, fracture highly fibrous and starchy, bark yellowish- white, wood pale yellow with radiate striations and fissures, the centre part of old root occasionally rotten-wood-shaped, blackish-brown or hollowed. Odour, weak; taste, slightly sweet and slightly bean-like on chewing.; Cork consis