2016年高考英语大二轮复习 第一部分 阅读理解 专题一 阅读理解 第2讲 推理判断类即时演练.docVIP

推理判断类 　　建议用时：15分钟 A [2015·黑龙江大庆质检二]We tend to think of plants as the furniture of the natural world. They dont move, they dont make sounds and they dont seem to respond to anything－at least not very quickly. But as is often the case, our human view of the world misses quite a lot. Plants talk to each other all the time. And the language is chemical. Over the years, scientists have reported that different types of plants, from trees to tomatoes, release compounds (化合物) into the air to help neighboring plants. These chemical warnings all have the same purpose－to spread information about one plants disease or infestation so other plants can defend themselves. But exactly how plants receive and act on many of these signals is still mysterious. In this weeks Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers in Japan offered some explanations. They had identified one chemical message and traced it all the way from release to action. The scientists looked at tomato plants infested by a common pest, the cutworm. The researchers studied leaves from exposed and unexposed plants. They found one compound showed up more often in the exposed plants. The substance is called HexVic. When the scientists fed HexVic to cutworms, it knocked down their survival rate by 17%. The scientists identified the source of HexVic, and sprayed it lightly over healthy plants. Those plants were then able to start producing the cutworm-killing HexVic. Researchers confirmed that uninfested plants have to build their own weapons to fight off bugs and disease. How do they know when to play defense? They are warned first by their friendly plant neighbors. It is a complex tale, and it may be happening in more plant species than tomatoes. It may also be happening with more chemical signals that are still unknown to us. Further studies are needed to increase agricultural efficiency. 人们倾向于认为植物是大自然的装饰品。它们不能移动，不能发出声响，看起来不对任何事情作出反应。但是情况常常并非如此，植物一直都在说话。 1．How do plants warn their neighbors? A．They mak