不同肥力滨海盐土对棉花生长发育和生理特性的影响_辛承松.pdf

　 　Cotton Science　　2007, 19(2):124 ～ 128 不同肥力滨海盐土对棉花生长发育和生理特性的影响 , , 　, , , 　 (山东棉花研究中心, 山东省棉花栽培生理重点实验室,济南250100) :以高肥力非盐土和高、低肥力滨海盐土 栽棉花, 研究了盐渍土肥力和盐分对棉花生长 发育与生理特性的影响。结果表明,低肥力盐土种植的棉花,在出苗速率、株高增长、叶面积扩 展、干物质积累、叶绿素含量和光合速率等方面显著低于高肥力非盐土(对照)的棉花, 其中干 物质积累和子棉产量分别比对照降低31. 7%和20.7%;而低肥力盐土比高肥力盐土种植棉花 的干物重和子棉产量则分别降低20. 6%和11.8%,说明低肥力盐碱地棉花光合和产量的降低 是养分缺乏和盐分胁迫的共同作用。降低土壤盐分含量, 不断培肥地力是提高滨海盐渍土棉 花产量的重要途径。 :棉花;滨海盐渍土;土壤肥力;生长发育;生理特性 :S562.01　　　:A :1002-7807(2007)02-0124-05 Effects of Coastal Saline Soils with Different Fertility on Plant Growth and Development as well as Physiological Characteristics in Cotton XIN Cheng-song, D NG He-zhong, TANG Wei, LI We-i jiang, ZHANG Dong-mei, LU Zhen (Co tton R esearch Center, S hand ong A cademy of Ag r icu l tura l S ci ences , K ey L ab f or Co tton Cu lt ure and P hy siolog y of S hand ong P rov ince,J inan 250100, Ch ina) Abstract:Inland non-saline soil with high fertility and saline soils with low or high fertility were pot- ted to cultivate cotton plants outdoors. Effects of both fertility and salinity of these soils on plant grow th and physiological characteristics in cotton were examined. The results showed that seedling e- mergence, plant height, leaf expansion, dry matter accumulation, content of leaf chlorophyll and net leaf photosynthetic rate of cotton plants grown in saline soil with low-fertility (SL soil)were signif-i cantly inhibited relative to those in inland soil with high fertility (IH soil). Dry biomass and seed cot- ton yield of plants in SL soil decreased by 31.7%and 20.7%, while those of plants in the saline soil with high fertility (SH soil)decreased by 20. 6%and 11. 8%, compared with those in IH soil, respec- tively. It is suggested that inhibited photosynthesis and seed cotton yield are attributed to both salin-i ty and nutrient deficiency in SL soil. Soil salinity significantly decreased the ratio