西方电影文化-叙述4.pptVIP

Narrative The fundamental American values are : Property, Enterprise, Initiative The ideology of classical Hollywood cinema is : The work ethic; Marriage, Family, Home; Progress, Technology, City; Success and wealth; American as a land of Happiness; The ideal Male; The ideal Female Categorization of Genres Social Drama, Romance, Gangster, War film, Science Fiction, Fantasy, Western, Disaster, Crime, Epic, Action, Musical, Blockbuster, Film Noir / Neo-Noir, Comedy, Horror, Thriller, cross-type Narrative refers to the way that a story is told. It is principally concerned with the way that events are organized in time and space -- the way in which the scriptwriter and director take the raw elements of a story and arrange them in the most attractive and interesting way. Hollywood has developed its own set of informal principles to guide the creation of film narratives; it has also evolved a relatively well-defined structure for their organization. Narratives also differ according to the position of the spectator about the story information, with the effect that narration may be more or less “restricted” or “unrestricted”; and “mixed” Effective narratives require that forward movement and interest in future events that we call momentum. Narrative， Story， Plot Narrative： A chain of events in cause-effect relationships occurring in time and space. Story： All the events that we see and hear, plus all those that we infer or assume to have occurred, arranged in their presumed causal relations, chronological order, duration, frequency, and spatial locations. Plot： All the events that are directly presented to us, including their causal chronological order, duration, frequency, and spatial locations. Basic Stories Achilles(阿喀琉斯)： The “Achilles” story is the story of the seemingly invulnerable hero with a fatal flaw. Classical tragedy is usually a variant of the Achilles story. (Example: Superman) Thetis, Peleus, Styx, Troy War, Half-man-half-god, Paris, Philoctetes ,Ac