英语词汇学lexic5_Minor_Processes_of_Word-formation_课件.ppt

Minor Processes of Word-formation Minor processes of word formation Blending back formation Acronyms and initialism Clipping Aphesis (字首音省略) Analogy Reduplication Words from proper nouns Neologism Look at the following examplesidentify the ways of word-formation Zigzag Chairman-Chairperson-, 网吧、聊吧、… 杯具，洗具，餐具 Bike ABC SARS Peddle (from pedlar) Obamanomics LA billionaires sued over Calif. water sales (AP) WEEKLY MAG FOR STAMP LOVERS TO BE LAUNCHED QUAKE DEATH TOLL MAY TOP 2000 NEW GROUPS BOOST HI—TECH RESEARCH 5.1 Blending a process of word-formation in which a new word is formed by combining parts of two or more words or a word plus a part of another word. The result of such a process is called a blend, or a portmanteau word n.[语]紧缩词,混合词 or a telescopic word. Structurally blends may be divided into four types: 1. The first part of the first word + the last part of the second one. aviation+electronics = beauty+utility = binary+digit = boat+hotel = light+radar = mean+stingy = smoke+fog = stagnation+inflation = 2. The first part of the first word + the first part of the second word communication+satellite = formula+translation = Situation+comedy = science+fiction = modulator + demodulator = 3. The whole form of the first word + the last part of the second word talk+marathon = talkathon n. 4. First part of the first word +whole form of the second word documentary+drama = medical+care = motor+town = network + meeting = Back-formation refers to a type of word-formation by which a shorter word is coined by the deletion of a supposed affix from a longer form already present in the language. e.g. burgle – burglar Q: The relationship of affixation and backformation? Back-formation is also known as a reverse derivation because a derived form has preceded the word from which it is derived. 1) Verbs