常见语法难点.docVIP

常见语法难点 一：主谓一致 1. 动名词短语、不定式短语、名词性从句做主语，谓语用单数。如： 　　Buying clothes is often a time-consuming job because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the ones that fit him or her. 　　To understand the situation completely requires more thought than has been given thus far. 2. 主语带有(together/along)with, such as, as well as, accompanied by, including, rather than 等附加成分, 谓语的数不受附加成分的影响。如： 　　The president of the college, together with the deans, is planning a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations. 3. 表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等度量的名词短语做主语时，谓语用单数。 4、某些固定结构中谓语的数： a great many + 可数名词复数 谓语用复数 many a + 可数名词单数 谓语用单数 a number of +可数名词复数 谓语用复数 the number of +可数名词复数 谓语用单数 the majority of +可数名词复数 谓语用复数 each/every +可数名词单数 谓语用单数 neither/either of +可数名词复数 谓语用单数 more than one +可数名词单数 谓语用单数 one and a half +可数名词复数 谓语用单数 the greater part of / a large proportion of / 50% of / one third of / plenty of / the rest of 谓语的数与of后面的名词一致 可数 皆可 不可数 A large number of A large quaintity of(quaintise of口语中) A great amount of A great many A lot of(lots of) A great deal of Many a siater+ is 意为“许多” Plenty of Many some much A few A little Few little Numorous Countless 二．比较级 1. 形容词与副词比较等级的基本用法 as +原级+as not as… as或 not so … as 变体： 1) as + much/many + 名词+ as 2) as +形原级 + a + 名词 +as 3) as + 形+ 不可数名词+ as 4) 名词复数+as +形 + as 5) the same as/ be similar to 2. 比较级 “比较级+than” 变体： 1）形比较级 + 名 + than 2）名 + 形比较级 + than 3）the + 形比较级 + of + the two 4）superior/ inferior to 3.最高级 “the +最高级+比较范围” 变体： 1) more… than any other 2) Not … + 比较等级 4.关于比较结构用法的补充说明 1）more…than…是…而不是，与其说是…不如说是 eg. She is more been than wise. He is more a writer than an artist. 2） not so much …as与其说是…不如说是 eg. It wasn’t so much that I disliked her as that I just wasn’t interested. 3)not more/er than与 no more/er than eg.