降雨条件下土坡变形机制的离心模型试验研究.pdfVIP

第 32 卷第 2 期 Vo 1.32 No.2 岩土力学 Feb. 2011 2011 年2 月 Rock and Soil Mechanics 文章编号11ω。一7598 (2011) 02-0398-06 降雨条件下土坡变形机制的离心模型试验研究 钱乡己芸，张 嘎，张建民 (清华大学水沙科学与水利水电t程国家重点实验室、北京、 1ω084) 摘 要E 自行研制了离心场降雨模拟设备，进行了降雨条件下边坡的离心模型试验。试验模埋在离心机中加载到5饨，然后 开始降雨。采用非接触位移测量系统测量了试验过程中边坡的位移场变化，通过T5 张力计测量边坡中典型点的吸力变化。 试验结果表明，边坡的位移随降雨量的增大逐渐发展，发生明显变形的区域也逐渐变大，主要集中在边坡表面。边坡某处应 变迅速变化的时刻与土体含水率迅速增大的时刻相一致。边坡某点的应变随降雨量的增加不断增大，并存在2 个拐点，形成 湿润锋和稳定锋2 个锋面，并把边坡分成3 个区域，通过锋面的变化反映降雨条件下边坡的变形过程。 关键词z 降雨:边坡:离心模骂骂:变形 中固分类号: TU472 文献标识码r A Centrifuge model tests for deformation mechanism of soil slope during rainfall QIAN Ji-严m， ZHANG Ga, ZHANG Jian-min (State Key L劝oraωry ofHydrosciences and Engir时时鸣， Tsinghua University,Beijing 1ω084， China) Abs衍act: A series of centrifuge model te锐s for deformation mechanism of soil slopes under rainfall were ∞nducted using 伽e rainfall simulation system in centrifuge. The models were loaded to 50g; and then the rainfall was genera:臼d. The displacements of slopes during the rainfall were measured by the image-analysis-based system; and the suctions oftypical positions were measured by the tensiometer百 T5. 刀le results show 也就 the displacements of slopes increased as the rainfall proceeded and the deformation a:rea centralized on the face of the slope and gradually en1a:rged as 伽ewa阳penetrated into the soil. τhe strain changing of soil elements has a close re1ationship with the suction variations. The strain of a typica1 soil e1ement sta:rted to increase quick1y just as 也e wat，缸 ∞n馆nt increased of the e1ement. The strain of the soil element increased as the rainfall pr∞eeded. 刀le strain-rainfall curve has two i