9.情态动词.pptVIP

9. 情态动词;Content;定义;情态动词的类型 1、只作情态动词的有：must, can(could), may(might), ought to; 2、可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有：need, dare(美语中常用作实义动词）； 3、可作情态动词也可作助动词的有: shall(should), will(would); 4、具有情态动词的某些特征的有：have(had) to, used to.;位置:;情态动词的特征 1、有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，它们要和行为动词或连系动词连用，构成谓语。 2、适用于主语的各种人称和数（have to例外），主语是第三人称单数时，要用has to）。如： We/ He must work hard. 我们/他一定要努力工作。 I have to walk home. 我得步行回家。 He has to walk home. 他得步行回家。 3、后面接原形动词，即不带to的不定式（ought to, have to, used to本身带有to）。如： He may lose his way. 他可能会迷路。 You ought to obey the law. 你应该遵守法律。;4、个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在或将来； 5、情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。 6、具有助动词的作用，即可用来构成否定句、疑问句及用于简明答语。如： ---- I can’t swim. Can you swim? ----- No, I can’t either. -----我不会游泳。你会游泳吗？ ------ 我也不会。 ;The basic uses of Modal Verbs ;一、 can, could;一、 can/could;1. Can ;二、 may/might;1. May ;三、 must/ have to;1. Must ;四、 shall/should;1、Shall /should ;五、 will/would;Will/ would ; would的一些特殊用法;六、 dare/need;Dare / dared和Need /needed;; How dare you say such a thing? How dare you to say such a thing?;Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease. Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.;七、 should/ought to;Ought to ;一，常见的情态动词有：can, could, may, might ,must, shall, should, will, would, need, have to等 二，常见的情态动词的基本含义及用法;;表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.;三点说明;典型错误;情态动词 + 完成式动词 (指过去的动作或情况) may / might have done sth. 可能做过(了)某事 can’t / couldn’t have done sth. 不可能做了某事 must have done sth. 准是做了某事 needn’t have done sth. 本不必做某事(实际上已做) could have done sth. 本可以做某事 (实际上没做) should have done sth. 本应做某事 (实际上没做) ought to have done sth. 本应做某事 (实际上没做) shouldn’t have done sth. 本不应做某事 (实际上已做) oughtn’t to have done sth. 本不应做某事 (实际上已做) ;You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best. 2. He can’t have been to that town. 3. Can he have got the book?;You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain. You ought to / should have helped him. (but you didn’t.) She shouldn’t have taken away my measuring tape, for I want