第一讲翻译入门.ppt

第一章翻译入门 翻译的定义 翻译的标准 翻译的难点 Content 新四六级翻译 Do you know any famous translator home and abroad? Do you know any famous translator home and abroad? What kind of role did the translation play? A proper and dexterous translation helps to promote mutual understanding between peoples of different cultural and social backgrounds. What is translation? Some people believe it is a science, others take it as an art; and yet many consider it a craft, or rather, a skill. What is translation? Translation is a rendering from one language into another, i.e. the faithful representation in one language of what is written or said in another language. Definition of Translation Translation is the closest natural equivalent of the source language message (Nida) This type of definition contains three essential terms: (1)equivalent, which points toward the source-language message. (2) natural, which points toward receptor language. (3) closest, which binds the two orientations together on the basis of the highest degree of approximation. Definition of Translation 翻译是将一种文字之真义全部移至另一种文字而绝不失其风格的神韵。（吴献书，1949） 翻译是用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整地重新表达出来的语言活动。（张培基，1980） 翻译的实质是语际的意义转换。（刘宓庆，1990） 翻译的定义应该是：“将一种语言传达的信息用另一种语言传达出来。”（蔡毅，1995） 翻译是将一种语言文字所蕴含的意思用另一种语言文字表达出来的文化活动。（王克非，1997） 翻译是语际之间的信息传递和语族之间的文化交流。（萧立明，2001） Principles/Criteria of Translation In Western Countries The so-called Principles/Criteria of Translation are actually the two aspects of the same thing. The former lays emphasis on the translator, who should follow these principles while translating; while the latter on the reader or critic, who may use the criteria to evaluate translation works. Whenever Principles/Criteria of Translation are under discussion in China, Yan Fu’s “three-character guide” ,which was first proposed in 1898,would be mentioned, namely, the principle of “信，达，雅”—Faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance. Principles/Criteria of Translation In China 我国翻译标准研究的历史和现状 林语堂的“忠实、通顺、美” 瞿秋白的“信顺统一” The influence of moth