第3章金属材料金属材料是最重要的工程材料,工业上将金属及其合金分为(国外英文资料).docVIP

第3章金属材料金属材料是最重要的工程材料,工业上将金属及其合金分为 Chapter 3 gold is material Metal materials are the most important engineering materials, and the industry divides metals and their alloys into two types: Black metal - iron and iron alloy (steel, cast iron and iron alloy); Nonferrous metals - including all metals other than black metal and their alloys. The metal material is 95 percent steel, the engineering performance of steel is superior, the price is cheap, it is the most applied engineering metal material. According to the chemical constituents, the steel is divided into carbon steel and alloy steel. 3.1 carbon steel Carbon steel occupies an important position in the steel materials used in industry. Iron carbon alloy, carbon mass fraction is more than 0.02% and less than 2.11% of the alloy is called steel, common carbon steel carbon mass fraction is generally less than 1.3%, the strength and toughness is better. Compared with alloy steel, carbon steel smelting is simple, easy processing, low price, and in the general case can meet the requirements of performance, it can be widely applied. 3.1.1 carbon steel composition and classification 1. Carbon steel components of the actual use of carbon steel, in addition to two major elements Fe, C, also contain a small amount of Mn, Si, S, P, H, O, N and not specially joining in impurity element. They have a large impact on the performance and quality of the steel, and must be strictly controlled within the range of the license plate. The classification of carbon steel Carbon steel mainly has the following categories: (1) according to the steel carbon mass fraction were divided into mild steel -  w  (C) 0.25% or less Medium carbon steel, 0.25%  w  (C) 0.6% or less High carbon steel,  w  (C) 0.6% (2) according to the quality of the steel can be divided into ordinary carbon steel -  w  (S) of 0.055% or less.  w  (P) of 0.045% or less High quality carbon steel,  w  (S) of 0.040% or less;  w  (P) of 0.040% or less High quali