条件状语从句.pptVIP

条件状语从句 一、定义 在某种条件下，可能发生某事。而由if/unless引导的表示条件的句子，就叫条件状语从句。 eg: If you get up early, you will catch the bus. 如果你早起就会赶上公共汽车 If you put wood into water, it floats. 如果你把木头放在水里，它就会随水漂流 二、时态 We use if sentence to talk about possible actions and the results of those actions. An if sentence has two parts called clauses. Each clause contains a verb. If you take a fish out of water, it dies. Possible action result 一般现在时 In some if sentences, the tenses of both verbs are the same. Here actions have results that will certainly happen. 情况1 1.当主句和从句所表示的是原理、客观真理、规则时，主句是一般现在时（补充：包括祈使句和含有情态动词can/may/must等），从句也要用一般现在时。 例如： 1) If you put a piece of paper into water, it gets wet．如果你把一张纸放进水中，它会变湿。(原理) 2) Be careful if you cross the road.(祈使句) 3) You must see the doctor if you are ill.( 含 有情态动词） If you look it up in the dictionary, you’ll find out. Possible action result 一般现在时 In other if sentences, the tenses of both verbs are different. The verb in the if clause is in the simple present tense. The verb in the other clause is in the simple future tense. Here actions have results that will probably happen. 一般将来时 情况二 2. 在if条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个可能发生的事实及其产生的相关结果，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。 eg: 1) If it rains tomorrow, we will not go to the zoo. 2) If you go to bed earlier, you wont feel tired in the morning. 3. 如果从句用现在进行时或现在完成时，主句需用一般将来时。 1） If you are looking for Peter you’ll find him upstairs. 如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。 2） If you have finished dinner I’ll ask the waiter for the bill. 如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账。 4. if从句还可以表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设，从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，主句则用虚拟语气。 For example: 1) If I were you, I would invite him to the party. 2) I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic. 5.In if sentences, the if clause can come first or second. When the if clause is first, there is always a comma after it. Example: If you cool water, it turns into ice. Water turns i