常用抗高血压药物的不良反应及处理(国外英文资料).docVIP

常用抗高血压药物的不良反应及处理(国外英文资料) Adverse reactions and treatment of commonly used antihypertensive drugs Hypertension is a common disease which is harmful to human health. It can control the blood pressure of hypertensive patients at normal or ideal level. It can reduce complications and improve the quality of life of patients. The first-line drugs for lowering blood pressure are diuretics, beta blockers, calcium antagonists, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, and alpha 1 receptor blockers. The common adverse reactions and treatment methods of these 6 kinds of antihypertensive drugs were collected for clinical reference. 1 diuretics The diuretic used in the treatment of hypertension has 30 years of history, because of its mild effect, low price, is still widely used in clinic, especially in elderly patients, the plasma renin activity is low, the capacity is relatively large, so in elderly patients than in younger patients is more effective. The commonly used drugs include hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide, spironolactone, triamterene. Its common adverse reactions and treatment are as follows: 1.1 hypokalemia The common adverse reaction of hydrochlorothiazide and indapamide is hypokalemia, and the incidence of hydrochlorothiazide is higher than that of indapamide. Domestic reported incidence of this side effect was 28.1% in outpatient and 15.7% in inpatients. This adverse reaction is more obvious in elderly patients. Treatment: reducing dosage, eating foods containing sufficient potassium, routine potassium supplementation or other antihypertensive drugs, or with potassium lowering blood pressure drugs, can reduce such adverse reactions. Some scholars compare the indapamide small dose (1.25mg) and conventional dose (2.5mg) in the treatment of senile hypertension, antihypertensive effect and found the same adverse reactions in small dose group than the conventional dose group and slightly less. Li Li and other applications of hydrochl