第四节.人本主义课程观doc(国外英文资料).docVIP

第四节.人本主义课程观doc(国外英文资料) The fourth section, the humanistic curriculum theory I. The emergence of Humanistic Education Humanistic education thought was a trend of education prevailing in the United States in the 60-70 century of the twentieth Century. In twentieth Century, American education has experienced progressive elements and opposed the doctrine, eternalism, structuralism and many other reforms, but the pendulum of education reform, and not fundamentally solve the ills of American education. At the end of the 1960s, the United States was rapidly falling into the ice age. In the face of new disillusionment, many people are all helpless have deep feelings, nostalgia society called for return to humanity rising noise. It is in this increasingly dense helpless and nostalgic social atmosphere, humanistic education emerged as the times require, and become a new sustenance. The humanistic education of the 1. people is the forerunner of humanistic psychology. Humanistic psychology is a psychological trend emerged in mid twentieth Century, the third forces known as different from behaviorism and psychoanalysis . Research methods of psychology in technology values of the rebellion and the quantization of the scientific, which directly from discontent. The main representatives are Maslow and Rodgers. The basic points of view include: (1) the object of psychology is healthy people; (2) the theory of hierarchy of needs at the core of self actualization. Maslow believes that there are seven from low to high level needs: physiological needs, safety needs (diet) (life is guaranteed, no danger); the need of belongingness and love (and others to be accepted, has made the need for respect (); work, approval and approval the need to know) (knowledge, understanding and Exploration); the aesthetic needs (the pursuit of order and beauty); the need of self realization. (3) emphasize the affective development (affective development) (emotions, feelings, attitude and cognitive developme