未来生物技术.ppt

Welcome to the World of Biotechnology An introduction into the business of biotechnology in Georgia for high school students What is Biotechnology? Let’s break it down: Bio - alive or living Technology - the application of science to achieve industrial or commercial objectives So basically, we’re talking about using living materials for a commercial or industrial purpose Taking living cells and putting them to work for us!!! A Definition That is a Little More Fun… Origins of Biotechnology Although it seems like a new thing, biotechnology has actually been around a while Domesticated plants and animals are the result of selective breeding (have you ever seen a wild corn plant, not something you’d want to eat) Using yeast to make bread rise Using bacteria or yeast to ferment grapes into wine So Why Should I Care? Biotechnology aspects all aspects of your everyday life, including: agriculture and food safety, healthcare, law enforcement and environmental issues Although there are many great career paths involving biotechnology that you may consider, possibly even more importantly, you will soon be voters You’ll make decisions on the ethics involving legalizing certain types of research You might be on a jury where biotechnology plays a key part in the evidence presented The Biotechnology Toolbox Today, biotechnology is used in three main ways: Directly using cells Placing yeast into a bioreactor to ferment grapes Using the proteins/enzymes made by cells Isolating antibiotics from bacteria for use in human medicine Using the genetic material inside of cell DNA fingerprinting Just Some of the Latest Advances in the World of Biotechnology Cloning DNA fingerprinting Genetically modified bacteria to synthesize products Genetically modified foods Cloning Creating a genetically identical copy of something (ex. a DNA strand, a cell, an organ or an entire organism) Single cells and DNA are fairly easy to clone and so this has been done for a comparatively long amount of time