现在完成时2016,3.ppt

* 写出下列动词的过去式及过去分词： clean finish talk visit live travel copy cleaned cleaned finished finished talked talked lived lived traveled/travelled traveled/travelled copied copied visited visited lose speak see make be find lost lost spoke spoken saw seen made made was/were been found found learn hear leave know teach learned/learnt learned/learnt heard heard left left taught taught knew known Present Perfect Tense present(now) future past 现在完成时 ( present perfect tense) 现在完成时的构成 　（一）肯定式 主语＋助动词have ／has ＋过去分词＋其它 说明：这里的have ／has是助动词，没有什么具体意义。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用_____，其余人称一律用______。 has，have的缩略式分别为s或ve。 has have EXERCISES: 1）I______ just _______ all the new words ． 我刚抄写了所有的生词。 (表示不要再抄了) 2）She __________her books ． 她丢失了她的书。 （表示到目前为止还没有找到） 3）We______ just ________ the classroom ．我们刚好打扫了教室。（表明现在教室是干净的） have copied has lost have cleaned (如果用过去时：She lost her books则强调书是过去丢的这一动作，而不知现在有没有找到) （二）否定式 主语＋助动词have ／has＋not＋过去分词＋其它 说明：现在完成时构成否定句时，只需在助动词___________后面加_____就行。have not，has not的缩略式分别为_________,_________。 另外，肯定句中有________________时，改为否定时要分别改成_______,________。 have ／has not haven’t hasn’t some，already any yet EXERCISES:将下列句子改为否定句 1）I have already copied all the new words ． 2）She has lost her books ． 3）We have cleaned the classroom ． I ______ _______ all the new words______ ． haven’t copied yet She ______ _________her books. hasn’t lost We _______ ________ the classroom ． haven’t cleaned 有时not可以用never代替，表示“从来没有”的意思 I_______________him before. 我以前见过他。 I _______________________him before．以前我从来没有见过他。 have never seen have seen （三）一般疑问式 助动词Have ／Has ＋主语＋过去分词＋其它 ？ 说明：把陈述句中的have或has放到_____，句末打问号，同时把句中的some ，already改为_____________就构成了一般疑问句。 肯定回答用 否定回答用 句首 any, yet Yes ，主语＋have／has． No，主语＋haven’t／hasn’t． 有时也可以用“No，not yet．／No ，never．等。 EXERCISES:将下列句子改为一般疑问句 1）I have already copied all the new words ． 2）She has lost her books ． 3）We have cleaned the classroom ． _____you _______ all the new words____ ? Have copied yet ______she _________her books? Has lost _______yo