第5讲 词语的翻译 词类转换.ppt

Lecture 5 Translation at Lexical Level 词的翻译（二） 词类转换 一、转换成动词 英语与汉语比较起来，汉语中动词用得比较多，这是一个特点．汉语没有词形变化，但可以几个动词连用．英语中的不少词类，尤其是名词、介词、形容词、副词，在汉译时往往可以转换成动词。 (一) 名词转换成动词 1.由动词源生的名词转译成动词 My admiration for him grew more and more. 我对他越来越钦佩 Nuclear warfare leaves no time for the old-style mobilization of the armed forces. 核战争将不让你有时间老样按部就班地动员武装部队． Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭已经用来探索宇宙． 2. 含有动作意味的名词往往可转译成动词 A glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial. 从他的办公室可以一眼看到华盛顿纪念碑和林肯纪念馆的全景 The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing 看到我们的喷气式飞机，听到隆隆的机声，我特别神往． He said he did not know whether the Russians were ready for a showdown 他说他不知道俄国人是否准备摊牌. 3. 英语中有些带后缀- er的名词,有时在句子中并不指其身份和职业,而是有较强的动作意味,往往转译成动词 I am afraid I can’t teach you swimming. I think my little brother is a better teacher than I. 我未必会教你游泳.我想我弟弟比我教的好. They were the prime movers in all the explorations of the period. 这个时期所有的大探险事业主要是由他们推动的. For professionals such as doctors, the computer may have more implications than we can ever imagine. It is a far careful and industrious inspector than human beings. 对医生这样的专业人员来说,电子计算机可能具有比我们想象的更多的含义.计算机比人检查得更细心,更勤快. 4. 作为习语主体的名词往往可转译成动词 Ｔhe next news bulletin, short than usual, made no mention of the demonstration 下一个新闻节目比通常的要短．没有提到游行． A great cloud rose from the ground and followed the trail of the great sun. At first it was a giant column, which soon took the shape of a supramundane mushroom. For a fleeting instant it took the form of the Statute of Liberty magnified many times. 一朵庞大的烟云随着一轮巨日从地面升起．它起初是个巨大的圆柱，很快形成了凌云架空的大蘑菇，一瞬间又变成一座扩大的许多倍的自由神像． Ｐractice The international food shortage had a direct impact on Kuwait and other barren desert countries. The presence of the Indians here at the time of Columbus’ arrival was sufficient proof of it. There are plans for new product introductions in IBM to compete with foreign companies. Examples is not the main thing