初三英语动词.docVIP

动 词 动词的种类 一．行为动词：及物动词不及物动词 eg. I have a book. (a book 做及物动词have的宾语) The sun rises in the east.(rise表示升起，作不及物动词，后面没有宾语) 二．连系动词 后面跟形容词，名词和介词短语 1. be 动词：am , is ,are, was, were, 2. 感官类的连系动词：look, smell, taste, sound, feel 3. 表示逐渐变化的连系动词：get, become, turn, grow 4. 表示保持的连系动词：keep, stay 5. 其他：seem 三．助动词：本身没有意义，用来构成否定句和疑问句，并完成时态和语态的变化 1. be 动词 a. 构成进行时 be + doing b. 构成被动语态 be + done 2. do/does/did 行为动词构成疑问句和否定句 3. have/has/had 构成完成时态 have/has/had +done 4. shall（should）/?will（would）shall只用于第一人称，will可通用于各种人称。can 表示能够，可以，会 He can speak English. may 可以，能 May I come in? must 必须，一定 need 需要 must 的否定形式是needn’t, mustn’t 表示禁止，不被允许 must I finish the homework now? No, you needn’t. You can finish it tomorrow. We mustn’t talk in the reading room. will/would 表示意愿，请求别人做某事 Will/Can/ Could/ Would you help me with my lessons? should/ought to 应当，应该 We should/ought to eat less fried food. shall 用于第一人陈 Shall we…? have to, be able to ,used to 的用法 动词的时态 一般现在时 常见的时间状语或频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, rarely, never, once a week, twice a year, ever day, every week 等 现在进行时 构成am/is/are +doing 表示正在发生的事情 常见的时间状语：now, at present, at the moment, for the time being 或者可以与 Look, Listen, Be careful连用 一般将来时 构成 will/shall/be going to + do Shall 只能用于第一人称 常见的时间状语：tomorrow, next year, soon ,in tree days, in a minute, right now, at once等等 一些表示移动、去向的动词 come, go , arrive, leave 等，可用进行时表示将来时 I am leaving for Beijing this weekend. 一般过去时 表示过去时的时间状语：yesterday, three days ago, last year, just now, the other day, the day before yesterday, in the past等等 掌握规则动词过去式的变化以及不规则动词过去式的拼写 现在完成时 构成：have/has +done 常见的副词或时间状语：already（用于肯定句）, yet（用于否定句和疑问句）, just, since+时间点，for +时间段，recently, ever, never, so far, in the past few years等等 过去进行时 构成：was/were + doing 常见的时间状语：at that moment, this time yesterday, at six yesterday morning, from two to three yesterday afternoon等等 过去完成时 构成：had + done 表示过去的过去，常用于by+过去的时间， before + 过去的时间 We had learnt 1000 words by the end of last term. 过去将来时 构成：would + do 通常用于主句为过去