动词不定式与短语动词.docVIP

Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks. Part one. New phrases in unit2 一、必记单词 cheer v. 欢呼；喝彩[t???] volunteer v. 义务做；自愿做 n. 志愿者[,v?l?nt??]? lonely adj. 孤独的；寂寞的[l??nl?] several pron. 几个；数个；一些[sev(?)r(?)l] feeling n. 感觉；感触[fi?l??] satisfaction n. 满足；满意[s?t?sf?k?(?)n] journey n. (尤指长途)旅游；行程[d???n?] alone adv.独自；单独[?l??n]? repair v. 修理；修补[r?pe?]? carry v. 拿；提；扛[k?r?]? excited adj. 激动的；兴奋的[?ksa?t?d] 二、常考短语 clean up打扫（或清除）干净 cheer up (使)变得更高兴；振奋起来 give out分发；散发 used to 曾经……；过去…… give away赠送；捐赠 set up建起；设立 make a difference影响；有作用 三、经典句型 I’d like to help homeless people.我想帮助无家可归的人们。 You could help to clean up the city parks.你可以帮助打扫城市公园。 We need to come up with a plan to tell people about the city park clean-up. 我们需要想出一个计划来告诉人们关于这个城市公园清洁日的事。 Part two. Grammar focus. 像come up with, put off, put up, hand out都是短语动词，短语动词是动词的一种固定搭配形式，可以把它作为一个整体，同一般动词一样使用。短语动词的搭配可分为以下六种基本类型： 动词+副词 E.g. cheer up(使高兴起来，使振奋起来)；clean up(打扫干净)；put up(张贴)；fix up(修理)；give away(赠送)；give out(分发)；use up(用完) 2. 动词+介词 e.g. look afer(照顾)；belong to(属于)；take after(与……相像)；hear from(收到……的来信) 3. 动词+副词+介词 E.g. get out of(避免)；come up with(想出)；catch up with(赶上)；look forward to(期望) 4. 动词+名词 E.g. have a rest (休息一下)；take a walk (散步)；make mistakes (犯错)；tell a lie (撒谎) 5. 动词+名词+介词 E.g. have a look at (看一看)；make friends with (与……交朋友)；have a word with (与……交谈)；pay attention to(注意) 6. be + 形容词（包括过去分词做形容词）+介词 E.g. be late for (迟到)；be angry with(生气)；be fond of (喜爱)；be good at (擅长) 二、动词不定时 动词不定式是一种活跃的非谓语动词。它在句子可起名词、形容词或副词的作用，可在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、状语或宾语补足语。动词不定式的形式是“to+动词原形”，但to有时要省略。动词不定式在具体运用时，用不用to，取决于谓语动词的用法。 带to的不定式结构 能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有：want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop等。 She likes to play the piano. (2) 动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not, 即not to do sth.。 Jim told me not to wake up Kate. 不带to的不定式结构 在固定词组had better 之后。注意：had better do s