定语,状语,名词性从句讲解大全.docVIP

语法讲解 一、定语从句： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或者代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：The story (that) you read is 定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词 that , which , who (宾格whom，所有格whose)和关系副词 where, when, why。关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中充当一个成分。 一、关系代词（人，物） 1、This is the man (who) helped me . 主语，人 2、The girl (whom) I met looks like Lily. 宾语，人 3、A plane is a machine (that) can fly. 主语，宾格，人，物 4、This is a book (which) you want. 主语，宾格，物 5、The room (whose) window is red is mine. 主语，宾语，人，物 二、关系副词（状语） 1、It happened on the day （when） I was out. 时间 2、I recently went to the town (where) I was born. 地点 3、The reason (why) he didnt come was that he missed his train. 原因 1． 时间状语从句常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … whenI didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard.No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.2． 地点状语从句常用引导词：where特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.3． 原因状语从句常用引导词：because, since, as, since特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that,? My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.4． 目的状语从句常用引导词：so that, in order that特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end thatThe boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students