定语从句五.docVIP

定语从句五 关系代词和关系副词的选用 引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选用，比较复杂除了牵涉到所指的先行词是人还是物，所引导的定语从句是限制性的还是非限制性的，以及关系词在从句中充当什么句子成份外，还要根据习惯用法而定。 A．只用who? 在下列情况下，一般不能用that代替who。1．在非限制定语从句中。? His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. ? 他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。2．先行词是one, anyone, those时。? One who has nothing to fear for hiself dares to tell the truth. ? 一个无所畏惧的人敢说真话。? Anyone who breaks the law shall be published.?? ? 任何犯法的人都将受到惩罚。? Those who are against the plan put up your hands please. ? 凡是反对这项计划的人，请举手。3．在therehere be开头的句子中。? Here is a boy who wants to see you. ? 有个男孩想见你。4．先词与定语从句被其他词所分隔时。? Dont tell anyone about the secret who oughtnt to know. ? 不要把这秘密告诉任何一个不该知道它的人。? I was the only person in my office who was invited.? 我是办公室里唯一受到邀请的人。 B． 只用whichwhom? 在下列情况下，一般不能用that代替whichwhom。1．在非限制性定语从句中。? The weather was very terrible, hich we hadnt expected. ? 天气非常糟糕，这我们没有料到。2．介词后面。? 关系代词紧跟在介词或短语介词后面，只能用which或whom，不能用that。? He climbed up to the top of a large rock, from which he got a good view. ? 他爬到一块巨大的岩石顶上，从那里他看到很好的景色。（也可用from where）? Sound is a tool, by means of which people communcate with each other. ? 声音是工具，人们通过这个工具进行交流。? ? They asked me a lot of questions, most of which I couldnt answer. ? 他们问了我许多问题，大部分我都不会回答。 C．只用that? 在下列情况下，限制性定语从句中一般只用that引导1．当先行词为everything, anything, nothing, all, none, few, little等词时，或当先行词被every, any, all,some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。? Everything that they said was true. ? 他所说的一切都是真的。? He is dead and theres nothing that can be done. ? 他死了，再也没有什么办法了。? There was little that we could do to help her. ? 我们没有什么能帮助她的。? These walls are all that remain of the ancint city. ? 这些墙是这座古城所残存下来的全部。 提示：? something 后面可用which引导定语从句。? There is something(whichthat) Id like to tell you.? 有些事我想告诉你。2．当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。? The first place (that) they visited in London was the Big Ben. ? 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。? She was probably the hardest working student (that) I have ever taught. ? 她也许是我教学生中学习最勤奋的。3．当先行词被the very, the only修饰时。? This is the very g