（江苏版）2016-2017高中英语 Unit 3 The secret of success Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit Reading-Language points教师用书 牛津译林版选修11.doc

Section Ⅱ　Welcome to the unit Reading—Language points improvement n．改进；改善 (教材P33)I have been mayor for three years，and I have made many improvements for the people of the city. 我当市长三年了，使这个市的市民生活大有改善。 Your work shows considerable improvement. 你的工作显示出相当大的改进。 The new factory brought a huge improvement in working conditions. 新工厂在工作条件上有了很大的提高。 be an improvement on/ upon/ over 　　　　　　　　　　比……好；比……有改进 make an improvement 改进 improve v. 改进；提高 improve on/upon 改进；做得比……更好 improve in 在……方面有改进 These results are a distinct improvement on last years. 这些结果跟去年的相比有明显的提高。 He made a steady improvement and was released within 10 days of admission. 他的病情稳步好转，入院后不到10 天就获准出院了。 用improvement的适当形式填空 ①I think that is a big __________ to show that we can ________ even more. 【导学号 ②There have been many ________ in the form of cars. ③The quality of service in this restaurant has ______ a lot. 【答案】　①improvement；improve　②improvements ③improved (教材P34)He spent much of his childhood with his grandfather and father，who_were_both_engineers. 他的童年时代的大多数时光是和爷爷和父亲一起度过的，他们两位都是工程师。 【要点提炼】　who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词his grandfather and father。非限制性定语从句仅对所修饰的先行词或整个主句作补充说明。若省略掉从句，句子意思完整、明确，与先行词或主句之间用逗号隔开。在非限制性定语从句中指代“物”时要用which作关系代词；指代全句时，用which或as；指代人时用who，非限制性定语从句不可用that。 They were invited to the state banquet，which was a great honour to them. 他们被请去赴国宴，这对他们来说是极大的荣耀。 Li Ming is late，as is often the case. 李明迟到了，这事是经常发生的。 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的几点区别 区别一：形式不同 限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开；而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开。 区别二：功能不同 限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清；而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。 区别三：含义不同 比较下面的两个句子： I have a sister who is a doctor. 我有一个当医生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一个) I have a sister，who is a doctor. 我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的。(只有一个姐姐) 区别四：先行词不同 限定性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词，而非限定性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子。 区别五：关系词不同 关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中，通常不用于非限制性定语从句；另外，在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时可以省略，而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律不省略。 People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义) His daughter，who is in Boston now，is coming home next week. 他女儿现在