9 核苷酸代谢(国外英语资料).doc

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9 核苷酸代谢(国外英语资料)

9 核苷酸代谢(国外英语资料) Nucleotide metabolism in the ninth chapter First, the physiological functions of nucleotides: The physiological functions of nucleotides in human body are mainly: (1) as the raw material for synthetic nucleic acids: such as ATP, GTP, CTP, UTP, RNA, dATP, dGTP, dCTP, dTTP, DNA. Storage and supply of energy: in addition to ATP, there are GTP, UTP, CTP and so on. The regulation involved in metabolic or physiological activity: such as cAMP and cGMP as the nucleotide hormone messenger second. Participate in the coenzyme or prosthetic group constituting enzymes: as in NAD+, NADP+, FAD, FMN, CoA, both contain nucleotide components. As the carrier of metabolic intermediates: such as the use of UDP to carry glycans with CDP carrying choline, ethanolamine or diacylglycerol, adenosine methionine (SAM) carrying etc.. Two. Synthesis and metabolism of purine nucleotides: 1. de novo synthesis pathway: the synthesis of purine nucleotides by the use of some simple precursors such as 5-, ribose phosphate, amino acids, carbon units, and CO2 is called de novo synthesis pathway. This pathway is mainly seen in the liver, followed by the small intestine and thymus gland. Each atom in the purine ring comes from the following precursor substances: Asp to N1, N10-CHO, FH4, C2, Gln, N3 and N9, CO2, C6, N5, N10=CH-FH4, C8, Gly, C4, C5,, and N7. The synthesis process can be divided into three stages: The synthesis of IMP: consumption of ATP in catalysis of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase, phosphoribosyl synthesis by 5-, PRPP (1- -5- phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate). Then, after about 10 steps of reaction, the first purine nucleotide, IMP, is synthesized. The synthesis of adenylate and guanylate: IMP in catalytic generation of succinic acid adenylate synthase, from aspartic acid synthesis provides amino succinic acid (AMP-S), adenosine generation and pyrolysis to produce AMP; IMP is also available in a catalytic IMP dehydrogenase, with NAD+ as hydrogen acceptor, dehydrogenat

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