国外航校私照飞行员地面课Lesson 4.pptx

Sierra Academy of Aeronautic PPL Ground ;Flight Instruments;Different types Pitot-Static Gyroscopic Vacuum driven Electrical driven ;Airplane Layout;VFR = Visual Flight Rules Visual Flight Rules = Look outside The horizon and should be our main reference when flying the aircraft. 80% of the time you should be looking outside;Two components: Pitot Tube and Static Port Airspeed Indicator Altimeter Vertical Speed Indicator;Airspeed Indicator Uses the Pitot Tube and the Static Ports. Compares ram air with static air.;Airspeed Indicator;Airspeed Indicator;Determines altitude measuring outside air pressure Types of altitude Indicated Pressure Density True Absolute;If you don’t reset the altimeter setting regularly it will be inaccurate. High to low - look out below! Hot to cold - look out below! ;Trend Information Rate Information ;Pitot Static InstrumentsSystem Blockage; Attitude Indicator (Vacuum Driven) Heading Indicator/ Directional Gyro (Vacuum Driven) Turn Coordinator (Electrically driven);Vacuum System;Shows pitch and bank information ;Heading Indicator;Indicates rate of turn (3 degrees/second) Also, has inclinometer Indicates quality of turn (coordination) Step on the ball ; Seeks North (in northern hemisphere) Has many errors Only accurate in straight-and- level unaccelerated flight;Variation Difference between true north and magnetic north ;Deviation Magnetic interference in the plane Caused by radios, alternator, etc. ;Magnetic CompassMagnetic Dip;Magnetic Dip Errors Northerly Turning Undershoot North Overshoot South Acceleration/Deceleration Accelerate North Decelerate South ;Should not be used as the primary means of controlling the aircraft. 80% of the time should be spent looking outside the aircraft. We use the flight instrument to verify alt, airspeed.