非谓语动词1不定式.pptVIP

非谓语动词 定义 构成 用法 动词不定式在句中可起名词, 形容词或副词的作用 因此，动词不定式在句子中可以做: 主语, 宾语, 表语, 定语,状语 和 补语 动词不定式作表语 动词不定式作表语一般紧跟在系动词 be, remain, appear, get 等后面，用来说明主语的具体内容，属性，状态，目的或将要发生的动作 My work is to clean the room He appears to catch a cold (He appears to have caught a cold) Our goal is to win the national champion 比较 He is to clean the room His plan is to clean the room 动词不定式作表语 动词不定式作表语 当主语是人时，表示动作即将发生 当主语是事物时，表示主语的内容 动词不定式在句中可起名词, 形容词或副词的作用 因此，动词不定式在句子中可以做: 主语, 宾语, 表语, 定语,状语 和 补语 动词不定式作定语 不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后 不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系： 表示将来的动作 The train to arrive is from Washington The person to give the speech is our teacher (2) 如与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，并且如果不定式是不及物动词，则需加介词 I finally found some paper to write on 动词不定式作定语 I have few problems to worry about (3) 当作定语的动词不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,(宾语) 不定式既可以用主动语态，也可以用被动语态。 但含义有所不同： 动词不定式作定语 Do you have anything to buy? Do you have anything to be bought? -主语亲自做 - 主语让别人做 I will find them for you I am going to the supermarket (4) 当被不定式修饰的名词或代词被序数词, last, only 等词修饰时，不定式作定语不含有将来的意义。 动词不定式作定语 She is always the first person to come He was the last guest to arrive Tom is the only one to know the truth 动词不定式作定语 特殊语法结构 逻辑主语概念： 在有非谓语动词充当句子成分的句子中，非谓语动词动作的执行者称作非谓语动词的‘逻辑主语’。它们在逻辑上与非谓语动词所表达的动作存在着主谓关系或动宾关系，但不直接作非谓语动词所在句子的主语， The teacher asked me to answer his question . 1 当不定式做 want have 等动词宾语的定语时，如果句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语时，要用主动语态表示被动含义 We have lots of homework to do Mary has two kids to look after 动词不定式作定语 特殊语法结构 2 当不定式修饰 buy, get, give 等动词的间接宾语时，如果间接宾语是不定式的逻辑主语，要用主动语态表示被动含义 动词不定式作定语 特殊语法结构 I will give you a book to read I buy him a pint of beer to drink 动词不定式在句中可起名词, 形容词或副词的作用 因此，动词不定式在句子中可以做: 主语, 宾语, 表语, 定语, 状语 和 补语 She went to Shang Hai to visit Tom I am glad to meet you I visited him only to find him out 动词不定式作状语 原因状语 目的状语 结果状语 动词不定式作状语 1 不定式作目的状语 – 最常见用法　 I went to Bei Jing to find a job To pass my exam, I study hard 不定式作目的状语时，如果放在主句的后面，不用逗号与主句隔开 in order (not) to, so … as (not) to… 不定式作目的状语 – 其