酶抑制―比色法检测聊城市果蔬有机磷及氨基甲酸酯农药残留.doc

酶抑制―比色法检测聊城市果蔬有机磷及氨基甲酸酯农药残留 　　摘要：参照GB/T5009 199-2003，采用酶抑制-比色法进行检测，分析山东省聊城市水果、蔬菜的有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类农药残留状况。结果表明，有机磷和氨基甲酸酯农药残留以水果类为最多，其次是根茎类和果菜类，叶菜最少；在蔬菜中农药残留较多的是萝卜、蒜薹，较少的3种是菜花、辣椒、白菜；水果中农药残留较多的为柑橘，较少的为山楂；未检测出农药残留超标样品，证明果蔬安全状况已经大为改善。酶抑制-比色法存在一定的误差，还需提高酶源稳定性和灵敏性，改进样品提取工艺 关键词：农药??留；有机磷；氨基甲酸酯；果蔬；酶抑制-比色法；山东省聊城 中图分类号：O656.31；S481+.8 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2016）21-5634-04 DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2016.21.051 Detection on Organophosphorus and Carbamate Pesticide Residues of Fruits and Vegetables with Enzyme Inhibition-colorimetry ZENG Qing-hua， SONG Wei-hua， FAN Chen， SUN Xiao-fan （Department of Food Science and Engineering， Liaocheng Univercity， Liaocheng 252059， Shandong， China） Abstract： The GB5009/199-2003 was used as testing standard， the enzyme inhibition-colorimetric method was adopted to detect and analyze the organophosphorus and carbamate pesticide residues of fruits and vegetables in Liaocheng of Shandong province. The results showed that， there were the most organophosphorus and carbamate pesticide residues in the fruit category， followed by the root and fruit vegetables， while the least of which was the leaf vegetables. The maximum pesticide residues were found in radish and garlic， while the minimum were in cauliflower， pepper and cabbage in the vegetable category. The maximum pesticide residue was found in citrus， while the minimum was in hawthorn in the fruit category. No excessive residual sample was detected， which indicated that the security situation had been significantly improved in fruits and vegetables. There were a certain errors in enzyme inhibition-colorimetry， greater efforts should be made to improve the stability and sensitivity of the enzyme source， and the sample extraction process. Key words： pesticide residues； fruits； vegetables； enzyme inhibition-colorimetry 农药是重要的农业生产资料，在为人类带来经济利益的同时，也对人类健康和环境安全造成一定的威胁。中国是农业大国，粮食、蔬菜和水果种植面积大、品种多，不合理使用农药导致农药残留超标相当严重[1，2]。全国蔬菜每年使用杀虫剂达到8.25万t以上[3]，农药残留超标现象普遍存在[4-12]，常用的高毒杀虫剂以有机磷和氨基甲酸