中国文化通览一四单元提纲.docVIP

中国文化通览提纲 中国地理环境和经济结构。 中国位于东亚大陆，地理环境相对封闭。中国内部西高东低，分布有辽河、黄河、长江、珠江几个流域。中国古代文明主要在黄河流域和长江流域。 远古时代，不同地理环境形成了农耕、游牧和渔猎三种不同的生产方式。中国长期以来处于以小农经济占主导地位的农业社会。 二．中国各朝代内容简介。 ●三皇五帝（4000多年前） 文化 东夷文化：黄河下游，舜等 西夏文化：黄河中上游，炎帝、黄帝、尧等 南蛮文化：江淮流域 宗法制 禅让制 故事 神话：开天辟地；女娲造人；女娲补天；夸父逐日；精卫填海；嫦娥奔月；后羿射日；八仙过海；大禹治水。 寓言：愚公移山。 民间故事：牛郎织女。 ●夏、商、西周（公元前22世纪-公元前256） 1. 文化 青铜文化；商甲骨文，西周青铜铭文，出现文献；宗法专制的礼乐文化成型。 政治 王权专制国家发展，大一统观念形 成。 Chinese Culture: An Introduction 一．The Geographical Surroundings and the Economic Structure of the Chinese Culture China is located in the east Asian continent, geographical environment relatively closed. Chinas internal west and lower in the east, distribution has liaohe, Yellow River, Yangtze river and pearl river several river basin. Chinas ancient civilization, mainly in the Yellow River and the Yangtze river basin. In ancient times, different geographical environment formed farming, nomadic and fishing and hunting three different mode of production. China had long in the small-scale peasant economy dominated by the agricultural society. 二．Chinese dynasties content abstract 3Huang 5Di(4000多年前) Culture the Eastern Yi culture:lower Yellow River Valley,Shun etc. the western Xia culture:middle Yellow River Valley ,Yandi, Huangdi ,Yao etc. the Southern Man culture:Yangtza-Huaihe Valley Patriarchal Clan System Shanrang Zhi Stories Myths:The Creation of the Earth;Nǚ Wa Made Man;Nǚ Wa Mended the Sky;Kua Fu Chased the Sun;Jing Wei Tries to Fill Up the Sea with Pebbles;Chang E Flew to the Moon;When the Eight Genii Crossed the Sea;Da Yu Led People in Curbing Floods. Fable：Old Man Yu Gong Moved Away Mountains. Folklores:The Cowherd and the Girl Weaver. Xia/Shang/Western Zhou(AD22Century-AD256) Culture the brilliant Bronze culture;the inscriptions on tortoise shells or animal bones of the Shang Dynasty;the inscriptions on bronze or copper wares in the Western Zhou Dynanty,appear literature;The patriarchal culture of rites and music was completed. Politics Unified patriarchal state bas