岳麓版历史选修6《百戏之祖--昆曲》课件.pptVIP

The meaning and accessibility of Kunqu performances are further enhanced by well defined role types. These roles differ in the type of character Sheng 生 Dan 旦 Jing 淨 Mo 末 Chou 丑 Xiepisheng (鞋皮生) Wusheng武生 Zhengdan正旦 Wudan五旦 Liudan六旦 Tiedan贴旦 cishadan刺殺旦 laodan老旦 wudan武旦 damian大面 邋遢白面 laosheng老生 wai外 Fuchou付丑 Clown小丑 Music played mainly with the instrument qudi，accompanied by sheng ,xiao,suona, Sanxian,pipa. sanxian (tree-string fiddle) pipa (ballon guitar) Kunqu is performed professionally in seven Mainland Chinese cities  Beijing (Northern Kunqu Theatre) Shanghai (Shanghai Kunqu Theatre) Suzhou (Suzhou Kunqu Theatre) Nanjing (Jiangsu Province Kunqu Theatre) Chenzhou (Hunan Kunqu Theatre) Yongjia County/Wenzhou (Yongjia Kunqu Theatre) Hangzhou (Zhejiang Province Kunqu Theatre) * Kunqu 昆曲——百戏之祖 Kunqu boasts a 600-year history and is known as the teacher or mother of a hundred operas 昆曲 Kunqu was listed as one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2001. Its melody or tune is one of the Four Great Characteristic Melodies in Chinese opera Jinsheng(巾生) Daguansheng (大官生） Xiaoguansheng (小官生） Qudi(flute) Sheng (Chinese wind pipe ) Xiao (Chinese vertical bamboo flute) Suona (Chinese clarinet) The Peach Blossom Fan (Kong Shangren) （孔尚任） The Peony Pavilion (Tang Xianzu) 玉簪记·琴挑 The Tale of A Jade Hair Clasp The Palace of Long Life长生殿 1.生，為男子通稱，戲曲腳色之生，即取其名義。崑曲中的生，一般是指扮演弱冠以上、尚未蓄鬚的男子，所以又稱小生，以與末行中的老生相區別。 旦，宋雜劇作「妲」，金元雜劇作「旦」。凡戲中女性人物都屬旦，各劇種都一樣。崑劇有老旦、正旦、作旦、四旦、五旦、六旦、貼七門之說。其中以正旦、五旦、六旦為主體。 淨，為唐「參軍戲」「參軍」二字之合音訛變，宋代原作「靚」，元代以後皆作「淨」。俗稱大花臉。臉上畫臉譜，塗滿了顏色，而且盡可能地把臉膛廓得大大的。淨又細分為大面和白面。崑劇中，白面又分出邋遢白面一路。 末，是戲曲中所有男性腳色的總稱 ，可細分為「 老生」、「副末 」和「 外」三個家門。 丑，由宋金雜劇院本中雜班之「紐元子」省文而來，即由「紐」省作「丑」，「紐元子」之特質即為小戲中之「丑」腳。流傳到後世，丑在戲曲團體中的位置最高，崑劇丑行又分付丑、小丑兩個家門。  1.巾生：未做官或未及冠的風流書生 。 2.大官生：常演的人物有《長生殿?小宴、哭像》中的唐明皇、《鐵冠圖》中的崇禎帝、《驚鴻記?醉寫》