【2017年整理】医学与论文英文摘要I.ppt

;第一讲 英文摘要的作用和分类 ;第一节 英文摘要的作用 让读者尽快了解论文的主要内容，以补充论文题目信息的不足 为科技情报文献检索数据库的建设和维护提供方便 中文科技文章的英文摘要还可起到与外国同行进行学术交流的作用 ;第二节 英文摘要的分类 Abstract ; 一、报道性摘要 Informative abstract 报道性摘要是指明一次文献的主题范围及内容梗概的简明摘要，相当于简介。字数: 中文摘要一般不宜超过200-300字，外文摘要不宜超过250个实词。 ;Sample 1 Parenteral （不经胃肠的，肠外的） Nutrition- Induced Gallbladder disease: A Reason for Early Cholecystectomy （胆囊切除术）; Patients who receive long-term parenteral nutrition have an increased incidence of both calculous and a calculous cholecystitis. In an attempt to establish guidelines for clinical management of patients with TPN-induced gallbladder disease, we have reviewed the records of 35 patients who have undergone cholecytectomy for this problem since 1976 at the UCLA Medical Center.The mean age of the 23 adults and 12 children who had cholecystectomy was 29.1 years. Forty percent of these patients required emergency cholecystecotmy. The overall operative morbidity was 54 percent, and the hospital mortality was 11 percent . Significant factors contributing to this high rate of complications included a delay in diagnosis, especially in the young children, and ; increased operative difficulty due to extensive adhesions and intraoperative hemorrhage. Our analysis suggests that patients receiving long-term TPN should have a program of ultrasound surveillance for gallbladder formation, elective cholecystectomy when stones first appear, and consideration of cholecystectomy at the time of laparotomy performed for other reasons. Whether induced gallstones can be prevented through daily TPN- stimulated gallbladder emptying awaits results of future studies. ; Patients who receive long-term parenteral （不经胃肠的）nutrition have an increased incidence of both calculous and acalculous cholecystitis. In an attempt to establish guidelines for clinical management of patients with TPN-induced gallbladder disease, we have reviewed the records of 35 patients who have und