医学专业英语--词汇.pptVIP

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医学专业英语--词汇创新

* * Basic Elements of Medical Words-1 origin of medical English words 1. from common English 2. from Latin 3. from Greek 4. coinage 1. words coming from common English: whooping cough百日咳 A highly contagious disease of the respiratory system, usually affecting children, that is caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis and is characterized in its advanced stage by spasms of coughing interspersed with deep, noisy inspirations. Also called pertussis 百日咳 pinkeye /epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (角膜结膜炎) knock-knee/genu valgum (膝内翻) athlete’s foot /tinea pedis足廯 piles/hemorrhoids (痔疮) lockjaw/tetanus (破伤风) fits/convulsion (惊厥) Fever发热; short-sight近视 ; consumption 肺痨(消耗) nettle rash; 风疹 stroke; 中风 baldness; indigestion; 消化不良 blister; 水疱,砂眼 Swelling肿; measles麻疹 Rabies狂犬病; windpipe气管 Words coming from Latin human body anatomy function or status cerebrum (脑) ala (翼) rigor( 寒战) pelvis(骨盆) plexus(丛) stupor cornea (角膜) plica (皱襞) nausea humerus( 肱骨) fossa (窝) tonus (肌肉的强直性, 强直性痉挛) capita (头) cervix (颈) bronchus (支气管) Abdomen腹部,腹腔 brachium (臂) aorta (主动脉) os (骨) remember them: cutis (真皮) fascia (筋膜) corpus genu (膝) vertebra(椎骨) labium (唇) sinus(窦) Words coming from Greek thorax (胸) iris (虹膜) metra (子宫) colon  (结肠) stenosis (狭窄) stasis (停滞) ptosis   (下垂) ectopia  (异位) other common medical words from Greek stoma (口,小空) soma(身体,躯干) glottis (声门) derma (真皮) larynx (喉) nephron(肾单位) rachis (脊柱) pharynx (咽) phalanx (指骨) coinage Tularemia ( Tulare; a place in California) (土拉菌病,兔热病;野兔病) Cushing Disease (first discovered by Harvey Cushing) Ven De bergh’s test ( to test icterus and liver disease) some common coinages Alzheimer’s disease /presenile dementia (早老性痴呆) Graves’s disease/exophthalmic goiter (突眼性甲状腺肿) Parkinson’s disease/paralysis agitans (震颤麻痹) Addison’

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